IRJET- Secure and Efficient File Sharing and Shared Ownership in Cloud Systems

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 06 | June 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2041
SECURE AND EFFICIENT FILE SHARING AND SHARED
OWNERSHIP IN CLOUD SYSTEMS
Preethy Roy1, Shabiya M.I2
1M.Tech student Computer Science and Engineering
2Asst.Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indira Gandhi Institute of Engineering and
Technology, Nellikuzhi, Kerala, India
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Abstract - Cloud storage platforms promise a convenient
way for users to store large amount of data and also share the
data to others. Everyone can stores his or her data into cloud,
That is, each file stored in the cloud is owned by a single user,
who can decide whether to grant or denyanyaccessrequestto
that file. The individual ownership of files is not suitable for
numerous cloud-based applications. In thispaperdesigned for
sharing the ownership of the files, that means if a user upload
a file in to the cloud the he can share the ownership to other
owners. The shared ownership of the files can bedoneby using
the concept of commune and comrade. Suppose a user shared
a file to others, so the person who receive the accessrequesthe
accept the permission at this time he became the owner of the
file. So owner can perform read write operation in that file.
Suppose an external user can want to see the file, here
introduce a novel notion of shared ownership where n users
jointly own a file then each file access request mustgranted by
a pre-arranged threshold of t owners of that files. Securityone
of the main concerns in data that stored in cloud. In order to
provide security data outsourced after the encryption. Here
the AES -128 bit algorithm used for encryption. This system
provides more security to cloud systems, the performance of
the of the system discussed below.
Key Words: Cloud security, CPS, Commune, Comrade,
shared ownership
1 .INTRODUCTION
Cloud-assisted Cyber-Physical Systems have a wide
range of applications, ranging from healthcare to smart
electricity grid and military, andsoon.Thecloudsystemthat
provides the enormous storage space to the users, so users
can stores large amount of data in to cloud. In order to
provide the security on stored data the data is encrypted
before it is outsourcing. In such systems, client devices can
be used to access the relevant services from/via the cloud.
There are large numbers of studies that focusing on the
security of cloud data. The existing system is Identity-Based
Encryption (IBE) scheme that can be usedtofacilitatesecure
data sharing. Thus, in this existing Identity-Based
Authenticated Data Sharing(IBADS)protocol toprovidedata
security and mutual authentication of cloud stored data in
cyber-physical cloud environments. But the existing system
it does not supports the concept of shared ownership.
There are large numbers of security challenges for such
cloud environment, such as the following:
 Mutual Authentication: Mutual Authentication is
one of the most fundamental security attributes
required in cyber physical systems.Assumethatthe
server may be dishonest or not fully trusted. In the
above case, both client and server firstcompletethe
authorization process by verifying the authenticity
of each other, by exchanging any confidential data
over public networks.
 Anonymity: This attribute allows the hiding of the
identity of the client or user.
 Password protection: Password is one of the main
challenging attribute in cyber physical cloud
systems specifically, the client or user generally
uses low entropy password to facilitate easy
memorization, and such passwords are more
vulnerable to password guessing attacks.
 Data integrity and confidentiality:Asecureprotocol
should provide a strong data integrity and
confidentiality for every transmittedfilesacrossthe
cloud. Data integrity assures the received message
has not been modified, and confidentiality ensures
that only authorized users access the data.
Secure and efficient file storage and file sharing in cloud
via authenticated physical devices is difficult to achieve in a
cyber-physical cloud environment, because of diversity
devices access the services and data. But in this existing
studies that does not support sharing of ownership, that
means a data owner first create a file then he or she upload
the file after performing the encryption in to the cloud, also
he or she share the ownership request and corresponding
keyword of the file to the other authorized users. If an
authorized get the ownership request, then he accept the
ownership request, now he is owner of that file. The
decrypted file can be opened by using the keyword. After
receiving the file the user can performs the read and write
operation in to that file.. Only the shared users can view the
file, other authorized users cannot see the file. Suppose an
external user can want to see the file, here introduce a novel
notion of shared ownership where n users jointly own a file
then each file access request mustgrantedbya pre-arranged
threshold of t owners of that files.

1.1 Objective
The proposed protocol provides mutual authentication, and
essential features such as client registration, login, mutual
authentication, passwordrenewal.Theprotocol alsoensures
user anonymity.
 Once the physical devices are authenticated, the
next phase is secure end-to-end communication.
 The data encrypted based on AES algorithm, so it
provides more security than other encryption
algorithm.
 The proposed system that supports the shared
ownership concept, so many authorized users can
access the file.
 If there are n users owned a file then each file
request access is granted by a predefined threshold
of t owners, here the value of threshold is set as
(n+1)/2. Here n is the number of file owners.
 The proposed protocol that reduce the
communication and computational cost than other
systems.:
1.2 Scope
The Proposed system is designed for supporting shared
ownership in cloud based applications and collabrations.
2. RELATEDWORK
There have been a number of studies that are focusing
on the security of CPS in recent years [1], [2], [3]. For
example, in 2012, Rajkumar [4] presented a number of
technical researches and challenges associated with CPS.
Then later the Rajhans et al. [5] proposed an architectural
framework for CPS, using structural and semanticmappings
to assure consistency of cloud data. Shortly there after, a
modular design method was developed by Demirel et al.[6]
to optimize packet forwarding policies and control
commands for secure data transmissions More recently, in
2017, Shu et al. [7] proposed an architecture for CPS for
complex industrial applications.
2.1 CYBER-PHYSICAL CLOUD COMPUTING
ARCHITECTURE
Cloud computing architecturereferstothecomponents
and sub components that required for cloud computing.
These components are typically consist of a front end
platform (fat client, thin client, mobile device), back end
platforms (servers, storage), a cloud based delivery, and a
network (Internet, Intranet, Inter cloud). By using these
components make up the cloud computing architecture.
One such architecture is illustrated in Figure2.1,where
the mobile device is used to denote the client device. The
mobile device is connects to the mobile network by using
base stations such as base transceiver station, access point,
or satellite. When a mobile user requests for some tasks to
be processed on that data, information (e.g., identity and
location) is handover to the central processors connected to
the servers for processing the tasks.
Fig 2.1 Architecture of Cyber Physical System
Despite the popularity of cloud computing and its
variants, security is one of the main concerns. The Identity-
based encryption (IBE) scheme is a potential cryptographic
solutions that is used to facilitate secure data sharing across
various systems. Thus, in this paper IBE, construct an
identity-based authentic data sharing (IBADS) protocol to
provide data security and sharing in cyber-physical cloud
environments. For the rest of the paper, mobile devices are
considered as the client devices as such devices generally
have more computational andstoragecapabilitiescompared
to other Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices.
Formal structure of IBE scheme consists of four
independent algorithms, i.e., Setup, Extract, Encrypt and
Decrypt:
 Setup: This algorithm Setup takes a security
parameter k as input, and generatesparams,known
to all users, and MSK, only known to the PKG.
 Extract: This algorithm Extract takes user identity
ID, params and MSK as inputs, and generates a
private key SKID for the user ID.
 Encrypt: This algorithm Encrypt takes params, a
message M and recipient’s identity ID as inputs,and
produces a cipher text CT.
 Decrypt: This algorithm Decrypt takes CT andSKID
as inputs, and produces either M.
Thus in this existing system proposes a lightweight
identity-based authenticated data sharing protocol to
provide secure data sharing among the geographically
dispersed physical devices . But the existing system doesn't
support the shared ownership in cloud.it designed for
sharing the message between the data owner and the data
consumer.it doesn’t provide any accessprivilegestothedata
consumer. In order to provide the concept of shared

ownership it uses 2 concepts namely commune and
comrade.
3. PROPOSED WORK
In this paper designed for sharing the ownership of
the files, that means if a user upload a file in to the cloud the
he can share the ownership to other owners. The shared
ownership of the files can be done by using the concept of
commune and comrade. Suppose a user shared a file to
others, so the person who receive the access request he
accept the permission at this time he became the owner of
the file. So owner can perform read write operation in that
file. Suppose an external user can want to see the file, here
introduce a novel notion of shared ownership wherenusers
jointly own a file then each file access request must granted
by a pre-arranged threshold of t ownersofthatfiles.Security
one of the main concerns in data that stored in cloud. In
order to provide security data outsourced after the
encryption. Here the AES -128 bit algorithm used for
encryption. Commune, this concept used for secure file
dispersal and collusion-resistant secret sharing to ensure
that all access grants in the cloud require the support of an
agreed threshold of owners. While Comrade is used to reach
consensus on access control decision.
3.1 OVERVIEW OF COMMUNE
Before describing Commune, consider the following
observations:
 Observation 1: In Commune's filescannotbestored
on a single user account.
Following the discussion regarding the centralized
enforcement, a single user must not be charged withmaking
unilateral grant and deny decisions. Otherwise,theusermay
abuse his rights and take access control decisions. The
solution is where a file is encrypted and the cipher text is
stored on a single account, allows that account holder to,
unilaterally deny read access to the cipher text. If the cipher
text cannot be read, any mechanism to distribute or recover
the encryption key is of no help. Then argue, therefore, that
Commune cannot use a centralized repository owned
by a single user because the repository owner can
unilaterally grant or deny access to the files stored
there in. Our alternative is to use a“sharedrepository”,
which is an abstraction built on top of the owners‟
personal accounts on S.
 Observation 2. Commune cannot support in-
place writing.
If Commune were to allow in-place writing,thenusers
who are granted write access could overwrite a file
with “garbage”.Thiswouldequatetograntingusersthe
right to unilaterally delete the file, thus nullifying our
efforts to prevent such scenarios. A standard
alternative to in-placewritingistointroduce“copy-on-
write” mechanisms where by a newfileiscreatedupon
each file write operation.
 Observation 3. Communecannotpreventusers
from disseminating a file or a key through an
out-of-band channel.
3.2 OVERVIEW OF COMRADE
The main idea behind Comrade is that a setting a
threshold value can instantiate a trusted third partythatcan
evaluate user credentials against owners access policiesina
trustworthy manner. Differently from Commune, however,
Comrade needs the cloud to be “shared-ownership aware”
and enforce the policies defined by the smart contract. To
perform an action a on file F in Comrade, user Ui proceedsas
follows. Ui issues a standard access request to the cloud
storage. The owner contract also manages the users. Users
can join the system by sending a request to the owner
contract.
4. CONCLUSION
Cloud-assisted cyber-physical systems have broad
applications, ranging from healthcare to smart electricity
grid to military, and so on. The cloud promises a convenient
way for users can store files and also share files and
effortlessly engage in collaborations, it still retains the
notion of individual file ownership.Thatis,eachfilestoredin
the cloud is owned by a single user, so the only single user
can unilaterally decide whether to grant or deny any access
request to that file. However, the individual ownershipisnot
suitable for numerous cloud-based applications. Secure and
efficient file storage and sharing via authenticated physical
devices remain challenging in a cyber-physical cloud
environment, because of diversity of devices used to access
the services and data. In contrast to individual ownership,
here introduce a novel notion of shared ownership.it
supports the following concept, where n users jointly own a
file and each file access request must be granted by a pre-
arranged threshold of t owners. It uses AES cryptographic
algorithm for encrypting the data. The proposed system
provides more security and efficiency.

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