C++ programming function

Dec 8, 2011Download as pptx, pdf4 likes4,022 views

Functions allow code to be reused by defining formulas that can be called from different parts of a program. Functions take in inputs, perform operations, and return outputs. They are defined outside of the main body with a function prototype, and can be called multiple times from within main or other functions. This document demonstrates how to define a FindMax function that takes in two numbers, compares them, and returns the maximum number. It shows function prototypes, defining the function outside of main, and calling the function from within main to find the maximum of two user-input numbers.

Introduction
 Use of function
 Calling a formula defined by user
 Input & Output depends on type of function

 Not included in main body

 Can be called many times

Function Prototype
 After #include<iostream>
 Before int main()

Example 1

# include <iostream>

void FindMax(int, int); //prototype

using namespace std;
int main()

4

Calling Function
Example 2

int main()
{
int num1, num2;
cout<<"Please enter a number :";
cin>> num1;
cout<<"Great!nPlease enter a second number :";
cin>> num2;
FindMax(num1, num2); //calling function

system ("PAUSE");
return 0;
}

Defining Function
 Outside main body
Example 3

void FindMax(int x, int y){
int maxNum;
if (x>=y)
maxNum=x;
else
maxNum=y;
cout<<"Maximum number is : "<<maxNum <<endl;
}

Using reference variable
 The Prototype:
 void FindMax(double, double, double&);

 The Calling:
 FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum);

 The Defining:
 void FindMax(double x, double y, double& maxNum)

 maxNum: a value edited in main function

• Compare Example 2

Example 4

int main()
{
double num1, num2, maxNum;
cout<<"Please enter a number :";
cin>> num1;
cout<<"Great!nPlease enter a second number :";
cin>> num2;
FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum); //calling

system ("PAUSE");
return 0;
}

Go to DevC++

Looping Function
 Just insert function in loop to call as needed
 Looping with returned value :
 Declare return value
 Send value to function

 Write a loop
 Example :
 Using while loop to keep comparing numbers

Example 5

char next;
while(true){
cout<<"n('n' to exit')Compare with next number? :";
cin>> next;
if(next=='n')
break;
cout<<"Okay!nPlease enter the next number :";
cin>> num1;
num2 = maxNum;
FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum);
}

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C++ programming function

1. Function

2. Introduction  Use of function  Calling a formula defined by user  Input & Output depends on type of function  Not included in main body  Can be called many times

3. Function Prototype  After #include<iostream>  Before int main() Example 1 # include <iostream> void FindMax(int, int); //prototype using namespace std; int main()

4. 4 Calling Function Example 2 int main() { int num1, num2; cout<<"Please enter a number :"; cin>> num1; cout<<"Great!nPlease enter a second number :"; cin>> num2; FindMax(num1, num2); //calling function system ("PAUSE"); return 0; }

5. Defining Function  Outside main body Example 3 void FindMax(int x, int y){ int maxNum; if (x>=y) maxNum=x; else maxNum=y; cout<<"Maximum number is : "<<maxNum <<endl; }

6. Using reference variable  The Prototype:  void FindMax(double, double, double&);  The Calling:  FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum);  The Defining:  void FindMax(double x, double y, double& maxNum)  maxNum: a value edited in main function

7. • Compare Example 2 Example 4 int main() { double num1, num2, maxNum; cout<<"Please enter a number :"; cin>> num1; cout<<"Great!nPlease enter a second number :"; cin>> num2; FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum); //calling system ("PAUSE"); return 0; } Go to DevC++

8. Looping Function  Just insert function in loop to call as needed  Looping with returned value :  Declare return value  Send value to function  Write a loop  Example :  Using while loop to keep comparing numbers

9. Example 5 char next; while(true){ cout<<"n('n' to exit')Compare with next number? :"; cin>> next; if(next=='n') break; cout<<"Okay!nPlease enter the next number :"; cin>> num1; num2 = maxNum; FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum); }

10. END

C++ programming function

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