System Capa Planning_DBA oracle edu
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This document provides recommendations for system capacity planning for an Oracle database: - Plan for 1 CPU per 200 concurrent users and prefer medium speed CPUs over fewer faster CPUs. - Reserve 10% of memory for the operating system and allocate 220 MB for the Oracle SGA and 3 MB per user process. - Use striped and mirrored or striped with parity RAID for disks. Consider raw devices or SANs if possible. - Ensure the network capacity is adequate based on site size.
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System Capa Planning_DBA oracle edu
- 1. System Capa Planning 2004 . 07 www.ex-em.com 연성석
- 2. System Capa Planing • Typically 1 CPU per 200 concurrent users • More medium speed CPUs are usually better than fewer faster CPUs • 10% of memory for operating system, 220 MB for Oracle SGA and 3 MB per user process • Disks should ideally be striped and mirrored RAID0/RAID1 or striped with parity RAID5
- 3. System Capa Planning(cont.) • Consider raw devices to take pressure off your CPUs • Consider SANs if budget permits – SANs make heavy usage of disk cache • Make sure that your network is adequate – 256k for smaller site and 2Mbit+ for larger sites
- 4. System Capa Planning(cont.) • 1GB RAM - OLTP by Oracle docs - 200MB for operation system - 0.8 * (1GB - 200MB) = 640MB for SGA - 0.2 * (1GB - 200MB) = 160MB for PGA
- 5. System Capa Planning(cont.) • Logical reads > 10,000(100MHz CPU)/sec - usualy 100MHZ , 1 cpu당 - if 1GHZ 이면 100,000 blocks/sec 가능 • Physical reads > 100 disk/sec • Hard, Soft Parses > 100, 300/sec • SUN 의 filesystem 이 UFS이면 disk I/O 가 별로 안좋 다. 또한 async I/O 를 쓰면 더욱 안 좋음. - 이때는 raw device 또는 QUICK I/O를 쓰면됨 (veritas 제품중 quick I/O 를 지원하는것도 있음) 성능 향상율은 약 30 ~ 50% 정도
- 6. System Capa Planning(cont.) • Maximum Tolerated Oracle Kernal Event Latencies Event Max. tolerated latency per event Events-persecond rate at this latency Single-block disk read (PIO) 10 ms 0.01 s 100 Single-block access from Oracle buffer cache (LIO), 500 MHz CPU 20 μs 0.000 02 s 50,000 Single-block access from Oracle buffer cache (LIO), 1 GHz CPU 10 μs 0.000 01 s 102,400 Single-block access from Oracle buffer cache (LIO), 2 GHz CPU 5 μs 0.000 005 s 204,800 SQL*Net transmission via WAN 200 ms 0.2 s 5 SQL*Net transmission via LAN 15 ms 0.015 s 67 SQL*Net transmission via IPC 1 ms 0.001 s 1,000
- 7. Appendix - 시간 단위 환산 1일 day 86,400 s 24 h 1시간 h 3,600 s 60 min 1분 min 60 s 1초 s (sec) 1센티초 cs(csec) 10-2 1밀리초 ms (msec) 10-3 s 1 s / 1 000 = 0.001 1마이크로초 μs (μsec) 10-6 s 1 s / 1 000 000 = 0.000 001 1나노초 ns (nsec) 10-9 s 1 s / 1 000 000 000 = 0.000 000 001 1피코초 ps 10-12 s 1 s / 1 000 000 000 000 = 0.000 000 000 001 1펨토초 fs 10-15 s 1 s / 1 000 000 000 000 000 = 0.000 000 000 000 001 1아토초 as 10-18 s 1 s / 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 = 0.000 000 000 000 000 001
- 8. 주요 Wait Event별 Root Cause • db file sequintial/scattered reads -> SQL by buffer gets/disk reads, file I/O stats • CPU Time -> Parse rates, Sorts, SQL executions, SQL by buffer gets/disk reads, SMP processes(bugs) • direct path read/write -> sort/hash joins, parallel, sort/hash_area_size, file I/O stats • buffer busy waits -> buffer pool, buffer waits, file I/O stats, segment statistics