A New Approach to Powerflow Management in Transmission System Using Interline Power Flow Controller

Manoj Asati Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 3, ( Part -5) March 2016, pp.108-111
www.ijera.com 108 | P a g e
A New Approach to Powerflow Management in Transmission
System Using Interline Power Flow Controller
*Manoj Asati, **Sachin Tiwari,
*PG Scholar, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, OIST, Bhopal(M.P).
**Professor, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, OIST, Bhopal(M.P).
ABSTRACT
In this paper a new approach to power flow management in transmission system using interline Power Flow
Controller (IPFC) is proposed and model for IPFC is developed and simulate by MATLAB software. Interline
Power Flow Controller is a versatile device can be used to control power flows of a multi-line system or sub-
networks An Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) is a converter based FACTS controller for series
compensation with capability of controlling power flow among multi-lines within the same corridor of the
transmission line. It consists of two or more Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) with a common dc-link. Real
power can be transferred via the common dc-link between the VSCs and each VSC is capable of exchanging
reactive power with its own transmission system.
Keyword- Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC), Voltage Source Converter (VSC), Transmission Line,
Reactive Power,
I. INDRODUCTION
The increasing use in the industry of non
linear loads based on the power electronic
elements introduced serious perturbation problems
in the electric power distribution grids. Also,
regular increase in the harmonic emissions and
current unbalance in addition to high consumption
of reactive power can be noticed. Recently with
interconnection between power system and
expansion in transmission and generation for
satisfy the increasing power demand, dynamic
stability of power systems are an important object
in stability of the great power systems. Power
System Stabilizer (PSS) have been used as a
simple, effective, and economical method to
increase power system oscillation stability. While
PSS may not be able to suppress oscillations
resulting from severe disturbances, such as three
phase faults at generator terminals [I]. Flexible AC
Transmission System (FACTS) controllers, such
as Static Var Compensators (SVC), Static
Synchronous Compensators (STATCOM), and
Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), can be
applied for damping oscillations and improve the
small signal stability of power systems by adding a
supplementary signal for main control loops.
Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) is a new
concept of the FACTS controller for series
compensation with the unique capability of
controlling power flow among multiline. The IPFC
employs two or more voltage source converters
(VSCs) with a common dc-link, Each VSC can
provide series compensation for the selected line
of the transmission system (master or slave line)
and is capable of exchanging reactive power with
its own transmission system. .The consumption of
reactive power in industrial and domestic loads
presents also an important issue in the discussion
of power quality problems. The reactive power
consumed by non resistive loads causes higher
RMS current values in addition to extra heating of
power transmission and distribution systems. The
use of batteries of capacitors or synchronous
machines for local reactive power production has
been proposed for a long time. The accelerated
development of power electronics and
semiconductor production has encouraged the use
of STATIC VAR compensators for the reactive
power compensation. However, these solutions
looks inefficient and can cause extra problems in
power systems in the case of high current and
voltage harmonic emissions. The fact that these
systems are especially designed to compensate the
fundamental based reactive power, in addition to
high possibilities of interaction between these
compensation elements and system harmonics
make it unstable solutions in modern technologies.
During the last three decades, researchers were
encouraged by the development of power
electronics industry, the revolution in digital signal
processing production and the increasing demand
for efficient solutions of power quality problems
including harmonics problem. They were
encouraged to develop modern, flexible, and more
efficient solutions for power quality problems.
These modern solutions have been given the name
of IPFC compensators. The objective of these
IPFC is to compensate harmonic currents and
voltages in addition to selective reactive power
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

compensation. The damping controller of low
frequency oscillations in the power system must be
designed at a nonlinear dynamic model of power
system, but because of difficulty of this Process,
generally the linear dynamic model of system at an
operating point is put and analysis to design the
controller and an obtained controller is
investigated in the nonlinear dynamic model for its
accuracy and desirable operation at damping of
oscillation
Interline Power Flow Controller:
Recent developments of FACTS research
have led to a new device: the Interline Power Flow
Controller (IPFC). This element consists of two (or
more) series voltage source converter (VSC)
installed in two (or more) lines and connected at
their DC terminals. Thus, in addition to serially
compensate the reactive power, each VSC can
provide real power to the common DC link from its
own line. The IPFC gives them the possibility to
solve the problem of controlling different
transmission lines at a determined substation. In
fact, the under-utilized lines make available a
surplus power which can be used by other lines for
real power control. This capability makes it
possible to equalize both real and reactive power
flow between the lines, to transfer power demand
from overloaded to under-loaded lines, to
compensate against resistive line voltage drops and
the corresponding reactive line power, and to
increase the effectiveness of a compensating
system for dynamic disturbances. Therefore, the
IPFC provides a highly effective scheme for power
transmission at a multi-line substation. Fig 1 shows
the Schematic representation of IPFC.
Fig 1 Schematic representation of IPFC
Controlling Scheme:
The grid voltage signal Vabc is transformed
into Vd and Vq by the abc-dq transformation block
and the phase information of voltage vabc, which is
acquired with a phase locked loop (PLL).
Fig 2 VSC controlling circuit
Therefore, active and reactive power
decoupling can be achieved. Then the DC voltage
vdc is compared with a given reference voltage
vdcref. The error of vdc and vdcref will go through PI
(proportional integral) controller and then
compared with the d component of the three-phase
voltage, then the result will go through another PI
controller as an output voltage. In the meanwhile,
the q component of the three-phase voltage is
compared to a given value 0, and the PI controller
output a value, which controls the q component of
the command signal.
Then the dq components of the voltage are
obtained using the mathematical relationship
between the current and voltage after the inverse
transformation. Afterwards, the switch control
signals will be accomplished with a space vector
PWM (SVPWM) control module.
Basic Structure & Principle Of Operation Of
Ipfc
In its general form, the IPFC employs
number of dc to dc converters, each providing
series compensation for different line. The
converters are linked together at their dc terminals
and connected to the ac systems through their
series coupling transformers. With this scheme, in
addition to providing series reactive compensation,
any converter can be controlled to supply active
power to the common dc link from its own
transmission line[5].For an IPFC with m series
converters, the control degree of freedom of m-1
series converters is two, except that one series
converter has one control degree of freedom since
the active power exchange among the m series
converters should be balanced at any time. An
IPFC with two converters compensating two lines
is similar to UPFC in which the magnitude and
phase angle of the injected voltage in the prime
system (or line) can be controlled by exchanging
real power with the support system (which is also a
series converter in the second line). The basic
difference with a UPFC is that the support system
in the later case is the shunt converter instead of a
series converter. The series converter associated

with the prime system of one IPFC is termed as the
master converter while the series converter
associated with the support system is termed as
slave converter. The master converter controls both
active and reactive voltage (within limits) while the
slave converter controls the DC voltage across the
capacitor and the reactive voltage magnitude[6].
Fig.3. A Interline Power Flow Controller
comprising n converters
.
II. SIMULATION AND RESULTS
Fig 4 simulink model of IPFC controller
To investigate the effect of IPFC in power
system and study it’s effect of power flow the
simplest power system as shown in Fig.4 are
implemented as test power system. This test power
system with installing IPFC is shown in Fig.4
For better understanding the effect of IPFC on
power system the results of power flow including
voltage magnitude and voltage profile and real and
reactive power flow in all transmission lines
without IPFC are presented in table 1.
Table 1 load flow analysis of IEEE 9 Bus
system(fault condition)
Bus no Base
voltage
Phase
angle
P Q
1 1.04 0.00 210.07 117.64
2 1.03 0.39 163 53,80
3 1.03 -2.47 85 18.52
4 0.98 -6.80 0.00 0.00
5 0.89 -14.87 177.33 110.93
6 0.98 -8.61 78.35 30.4
7 1,00 -5.33 0.00 0.00
8 0.99 -7.18 90.13 31.55
9 1.02 -5.17 0.00 0.00
Table 2 load flow analysis of IEEE 9 Bus system(
with IPFC)
Bus no Base
voltage
Phase
angle
P Q
1 1.04 0.00 107.60 46.06
2 1.03 6.81 163 17.50
3 1.03 2.27 85 3.63
4 1.02 -3.35 0.00 0.00
5 0.99 -6.69 121,12 48,57
6 0.99 -.5.53 88.97 34,60
7 1,02 1.23 0.00 0.00
8 1.01 -1.56 101.39 35.48
9 1.02 -0.44 0.00 0.00
After obtaining initial results without
IPFC the three case studies are presented and
analyzed to investigate the effect of IPFC.
III. CONCLUSIONS
In this paper the effect of IPFC in power
system is analyzed and various parameters such as
voltage profile and real and reactive power flow in
transmission lines of system are investigated. A
power injection model of the Inter line Power Flow
Controllers (IPFC) have been presented. In this
model, the complex impedance of the series
coupling transformer and the line charging
susceptance are Included. It shows that the
incoming of IPFC can increase the bus voltage to
which IPFC converters are connected and there is a
significant change in the system voltage profile at
the neighboring buses, increase in active power
flow and decrease in reactive power flow through
the lines.
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