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Zend Code in ZF 2.0
- 1. October 2011 Skynet in ZF 2.0 Or, better put “what one can do with ZendCode”
- 2. Who Am I? •Ralph Schindler (ralphschindler) Software Engineer on the Zend Framework team •At Zend for almost 4 years •Before that TippingPoint/3Com Programming PHP for 13+ years Live in New Orleans, LA. •Lived in Austin, Tx for 5 years 2
- 3. Why Skynet? •From wikipedia: “ ... an artificially intelligent system which became self-aware and revolted against its creators.” “The strategy behind Skynet's creation was to remove the possibility of human error and slow reaction time to guarantee fast, efficient response to enemy attack.” 3
- 4. Why Skynet? •So, ... who is the enemy? 4
- 5. Why Skynet? •Other enemies (without photo’s) Unmaintainable applications Untestable applications Slow applications Un-fun / boring code Painful code 5
- 6. Why Skynet? •So, what does Skynet look like? •Anything we develop that looks too magical too-good-to-be-true too all-encompassing too flexible / too many input types requires too much documentation is outside our normal understanding of how things work 6
- 7. Why Skynet? •What does Skynet not look like? Simple Easy to understand Finite inputs / outputs Easy to get up and running with 7
- 8. Why Skynet •In a nutshell: PHP PHP has no development time compile phase On it’s own, it doesn’t know much •Hence, the many upon many frameworks All decisions are pushed into “request” time Single strategy for performance increase •caching •black-box optimizer 8
- 9. Why Skynet? •Basically, ZendCode is Skynet (figuratively) it can understand your code, sometimes better than the developer whom wrote it it can expose information about your code that the developer was unaware of it can generate code faster than you can 9
- 10. Why Skynet? •Ok, not really •ZendCode will not: see developers as a threat attempt to take over the world send the Terminator (a.k.a Matthew Weier O’Phinney) after you for writing bad, unmaintainable, code 10
- 11. Who is the Terminator? 11
- 12. What does ZendCode Do? •So, what does ZendCode do? 12
- 13. Let’s Recap the Humble Beginnings •ZF1 users wanted scaffolding & RAD •So, ... Zend_Tool •Zend_Tool_Project / Zend_Tool_Framework Zend_CodeGenerator •original intention was more than PHP Zend_Reflection •added docblock parsing functionality 13
- 14. ZF1 Problem Area •This setup suffered from 2 major problems: Runtime dependencies are not always loaded Same request changes to structures do not update in-memory structures 14
- 15. Problem 1 15
- 16. Problem 2 •Workflow (in the same request): Require File Build ZendCodeGenerator object based off Zend Reflection object of a class •(For example a controller) Add method to class Write to disk Build ZendCodeGenerator object based off Zend Reflection object •FAIL! B/c file is already in memory 16
- 17. Problem 2 - Temporary Solution •Temporary solution was to cache generator objects that were built based one particular reflection objects, and return those when asked for a generator object seeded with a known reflection object •“We’ll fix this in ZF2” 17
- 18. Other Realizations •We were not going to get other generator types •Generators were closely related to Reflection and the new Scanner component •ZendCode was a better place for all of this 18
- 19. Static vs. Dynamic •Runtime Static - Fast Dynamic - Slow •Dev-time Static - slower workflow Dynamic - workflow resembles runtime 19
- 20. Static vs. Dynamic •Typical PHP workflow for dynamic applications: initiate request fulfill request return to consumer 20
- 21. Static vs. Dynamic •Typical PHP workflow for “static” applications with compilation built in (dev time): initiate request compile (during request, but omitted during production) fulfill request return to consumer 21
- 22. Static vs. Dynamic •Typical PHP workflow for “static” applications with compilation NOT built in (dev time): (change code) (compile code) initiate request fulfill request return to consumer 22
- 23. Static vs. Dynamic •You’ve probably seen static analysis in some way before: Caching •If you never intend on expiring the data, it’s not really a cache if (!file_exists(..)) { file_put_contents(..., var_export()) } Zend Optimizer / APC Content Platforms: •Drupal – development mode – non-caching mode – module initialization •Wordpress – installation hooks: plugin initialization 23
- 24. What are we compiling? •Anything dynamically looked up What the valid routes are What the valid application assets are •classes •view scripts Where particular classes are located More? •Which extensions are loaded •What the php environment can support 24
- 25. So, What Is Our Toolset? •ZendCode ZendCodeReflection ZendCodeGenerator ZendCodeScanner ZendCodeAnnotation 25
- 26. ZendCodeReflection •Originally part of ZF1 •Added features: file reflection docblock reflection 26
- 29. ZendCodeGenerator •Originally ZF 1’s ZendCodeGenerator •Built OO Classes with an OO API Mainly consumed by Zend_Tool 29
- 30. ZendCode Generator 30
- 31. ZendCodeScanner •ZendCodeScanner Token based “reflection” Reflection for files in ZF1 has a similar approach Ascertain information in files: •what namespaces are inside this file •what use statements are inside a particular namespace •what classes are in this file’s namespaces •what files are required (none, right?) •is there a file level docblock 31
- 33. ZendCode Scanner (Sample) 33
- 34. ZendCodeAnnotation •Annotations Why? You asked for it. At least some of you did. There’s no native PHP support for it Similar to: •Java’s Annotation system •C#’s Attribute system •Doctrine’s Annotation system •with a PHP twist of course 34
- 35. ZendCodeAnnotation •Design: Do not force content into a particular DSL Build as a simple easy to use framework for easy consumption Prototype pattern Use ZendCodeScanner •Drawbacks Slow, very very slow 35
- 36. ZendCodeAnnotation •Single Interface to implement: ZendCodeAnnotationAnnotation 36
- 37. ZendCodeAnnotationManager •Simple Manager to Populate: 37
- 38. Demo 1: ZendCodeScanner •Find all dependencies in a directory full of code •Demo 38
- 39. Demo 2: Built a Micro-framework •Goals Find on github.com/ralphschindler/middlewarephp few classes - the “middleware” is editable fast (2ms request for hello world) compilation based •Routes •Classmap autoloader annotation based utilize include returns, closures, and arrays •Demo 39
- 40. Philisophical •Let’s get philosophical: Should we be “compiling” elements? •Is this what PHP is all about? •Rasmus says yes. Can we architect flexible and performant applications without some kind of static code analysis that affects runtime? How do we introduce these tasks into developer workflows where they make the most sense, don’t impede development? 40
- 41. Fin •Questions and/or comments, let’s go grab a beer discuss. •Remember ZF2 is only beta, if you have opinions on how we should go about applying these techniques, get involved NOW! •Thank you! 41