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web basics along with different web technology and various html tags forms table in html5
- 1. Web Basics 1
- 2. Overview • Internet • Internet-Based Services • WWW • HTTP • URL • Website • Web Server • Web Browser • SMTP Server • ISP • HTML • Hyperlink • DNS • W3C 2
- 3. 1.What is Internet? • The Internet is a worldwide system of computer networks in which users at any one computer can get information from any other computer if they have permission. • How the Internet works? • A set of protocols called Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). • The TCP/IP suite, present sets of rules that devices must follow in order to complete tasks. • Without this common collection of rules, machines would not be able to communicate. • The protocols are also responsible for translating the alphabetic text of a message into electronic signals that can be transmitted over the Internet, and then back again into legible, alphabetic text. 3
- 4. • The process of transferring information from one device to another relies on packet switching. • Each computer connected to the Internet is assigned a unique IP address that allows the device to be recognized. • When one device attempts to send a message to another device, the data is sent over the Internet in the form of manageable packets. • Each packet is assigned a port number that will connect it to its endpoint. 4
- 5. World Wide Web vs Internet • The Internet is a global connection of networks while the Web is a collection of information that can be accessed using the Internet. • In other words, the Internet is the infrastructure and the Web is a service on top. • The Web provides access to billions of pages of information. Web browsing is done through a Web browser, the most popular of which are Google Chrome, Firefox and Internet Explorer. • Large amounts of information, both public and private, are collected across the Internet, opening users up to the risk of data breaches and other security threats. Hackers and crackers can break into networks and systems and steal information. 5
- 6. 2.Internet-Based Services • Email − A fast, easy, and inexpensive way to communicate with other Internet users around the world. • Telnet − Allows a user to log into a remote computer as though it were a local system. (Terminal to terminal). • FTP − Allows a user to transfer virtually every kind of file that can be stored on a computer from one Internet-connected computer to another. • World Wide Web WWW − A hypertext interface to Internet information resources 6
- 7. 3. What is HTTP? • HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. • This is the protocol being used to transfer hypertext documents that makes the World Wide Web possible. 7
- 8. What is URL? • URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator and is used to specify addresses on the World Wide Web. • A URL is the fundamental network identification for any resource connected to the web e. g. , hypertextpages, images, andsoundfiles. • A URL will have the following format − protocol://hostname/other_information 8
- 9. What is Web Server? • Every Website sites on a computer known as a Web server. This server is always connected to the internet. • Every Web server that is connected to the Internet is given a unique address made up of a series of four numbers between 0 and 256 separated by periods. • For example, 68.178.157.132 or 68.122.35.127. When you register a Web address, also known as a domain name, such as tutorialspoint.com you have to specify the IP address of the Web server that will host the site. 9
- 10. What is Web Browser? • Web Browsers are software installed on your PC. • To access the Web you need a web browsers, such as Netscape Navigator, Microsoft Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox. • Currently you must be using any sort of Web browser while you are navigating through tutorialspoint.com. • On the Web, when you navigate through pages of information this is commonly known as browsing or surfing. 10
- 11. What is SMTP Server? • SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Server. • This server takes care of delivering emails from one server to another server. • When you send an email to an email address, it is delivered to its recipient by a SMTP Server. 11
- 12. What is ISP? • ISP stands for Internet Service Provider. • They are the companies who provide you service in terms of internet connection to connect to the internet. • You will buy space on a Web Server from any Internet Service Provider. • This space will be used to host your Website. 12
- 13. What is HTML? • HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. • This is the language in which we write web pages for any Website. • This is a subset of Standard Generalized Mark-Up Language SGML for electronic publishing, the specific standard used for the World Wide Web. 13
- 14. What is Hyperlink? • A hyperlink or simply a link is a selectable element in an electronic document that serves as an access point to other electronic resources. • Typically, you click the hyperlink to access the linked resource. • Familiar hyperlinks include buttons, icons, image maps, and clickable text links. 14
- 15. What is DNS? • DNS stands for Domain Name System. • When someone types in your domain name, www.example.com, your browser will ask the Domain Name System to find the IP. • When you register your domain name, your IP address should be put in a DNS along with your domain name. • Without doing it your domain name will not be functioning properly. 15
- 16. What is W3C? • W3C stands for World Wide Web Consortium which is an international consortium of companies involved with the Internet and the Web. • The W3C was founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee, the original architect of the World Wide Web. • The organization's purpose is to develop open standards so that the Web evolves in a single direction rather than being splintered among competing factions. • The W3C is the chief standards body for HTTP and HTML. 16