UDP - User Datagram Protocol
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Overview of UDP protocol. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a simple extension of the Internet Protocol services. It basically provides simple packet transport service without any quality of service functions. Unlike TCP, UDP is connection-less and packet-based. Application PDUs (application packets) sent over a UDP socket are delivered to the receiving host application as is without fragmentation. UDP is mostly used by applications with simple request-response communication patterns like DNS, DHCP, RADIUS, RIP or RPC. Since UDP does provide any error recovery such as retransmission of lost packets, the application protocols have to take care of these situations.
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07-UDP.pptx
07-UDP.pptxShajiThomas67 UDP is a connectionless transport protocol that provides an unreliable "best effort" service where packets may be lost or delivered out of order. It has no handshaking between sender and receiver and each packet is handled independently. UDP has a small 8-byte header and no congestion control, making it useful for applications that can tolerate some data loss like streaming media. Each UDP packet, called a datagram, carries data that is encapsulated within an IP datagram for transmission. The UDP header includes source and destination port numbers as well as a checksum to detect errors in transmission.
TCP/IP & UDP
TCP/IP & UDPghayour abbas TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that ensures reliable delivery of data through sequence numbers, acknowledgments, and retransmissions. It has larger headers than UDP but provides reliability. UDP is connectionless and does not guarantee delivery, making it faster but less reliable than TCP. Key applications using TCP include HTTP, FTP, and SMTP, while UDP is used for DNS, VoIP, and streaming applications requiring low latency.
Udp
Udpkundan sahani user define protocol .its amzing ppt for student when clever student reasd it done 5star like.and share and subscribe too.
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SYBSC IT COMPUTER NETWORKS UNIT V Process to-Process Delivery
SYBSC IT COMPUTER NETWORKS UNIT V Process to-Process DeliveryArti Parab Academics Introduction to the Transport Layer: Introduction, Transport layer protocols (Simple protocol, Stop-and-wait protocol, Go-Back-n protocol, Selective repeat protocol, Bidirectional protocols), Transport layer services, User datagram protocol, Transmission control protocol,
Unit 4 UDP
Unit 4 UDPNivetha Palanisamy This document provides an overview of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). It discusses several key points:
- UDP is a connectionless, unreliable transport protocol that performs limited error checking and uses minimal overhead. It is suitable for applications that need simple request-response communication and do not require reliability.
- UDP packets, called user datagrams, have a fixed 8-byte header containing source/destination port numbers, length, and checksum fields. Port numbers identify the sending/receiving processes and range from 0-65,535.
- The checksum field is used to detect errors over the entire datagram (header and data). It allows the receiver to verify no errors by checking if the checksum equals 0.
Internet of Things Unit - 01 Part 3A.pptx
Internet of Things Unit - 01 Part 3A.pptxSunilNirmal9 The document discusses several key internet protocols:
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- User Datagram Protocol (UDP) provides a simpler connectionless mode of communication compared to TCP, sacrificing reliability for speed. It is used for applications where latency is more important than reliability.
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More from Peter R. Egli (20)
LPWAN Technologies for Internet of Things (IoT) and M2M Scenarios
LPWAN Technologies for Internet of Things (IoT) and M2M ScenariosPeter R. Egli Rapid technological advances in the past made possible the miniaturization of network devices to meet the cost and power consumption requirements in IoT and M2M scenarios. What is missing in this picture is a radio technology with both long range capability and a very low cost footprint. Existing radio technologies such as 3G/4G or Short Range Radio do not aptly meet the requirements of IoT scenarios because they are either too expensive or are not able to provide the required range. Other wireless technologies are geared towards high bandwidth which is in most cases not a requirement for IoT.
Emerging LPWAN technologies such as ETSI LTN or LoRAWAN are poised for filling the gap by providing long range (up to 40km) and low power connectivity. These technologies allow low cost radio devices and operation thus enabling scaling up IoT applications.
Data Networking Concepts
Data Networking ConceptsPeter R. Egli Networking is a term that subsumes various technologies and protocols for transferring data from one place to another by means of a transmission network.
While every technology like TCP/IP, Ethernet, SDH, GSM, VSAT etc. has its own zoo of terms and acronyms, there are more fundamental concepts and terms common to the different technologies and protocols.
The goal of this document is to explain the gist of the these more common networking terms and concepts. These explanations complement typical glossaries with illustrations.
Communication middleware
Communication middlewarePeter R. Egli This document provides an introduction to middleware and web service concepts. It defines middleware as software that connects software components across platforms and networks. The document then discusses key concepts of distributed middleware including serialization, data presentation, distributed garbage collection, localization and discovery, interaction models, wire protocols, service descriptions, target domains, and platform dependence. It also provides a classification of various middleware technologies such as RPC, transaction processing monitors, database access middleware, distributed tuples, distributed object technology, message-oriented middleware, web services, peer-to-peer middleware, and grid middleware. Finally, it compares some concepts across different middleware technologies.
Transaction Processing Monitors (TPM)
Transaction Processing Monitors (TPM)Peter R. Egli Transaction Processing Monitors represent an early type of middleware that is still widely used for performing distributed transactions involving multiple databases.
Usually TPMs employ the two phase commit protocol that ensures ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) as in relational databases.
Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN)
Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN)Peter R. Egli Overview of Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) language for modeling business processes.
When implementing business processes, there is usually a large gap between the business semantics (process, activity, participant, orchestration, choreography, data items etc.) and the technical implementation languages (REST, WSDL, transport protocol, message bus etc.). BPMN has the goal of bridging this gap by providing a standard notation for describing business processes plus a standard mapping of this notation into an executable description language like WSBPEL. The BPMN 2.0 standard even allows executing BPMN business models directly without the need of a translation.
The core notation elements of BPMN are flow objects to model activities and events, data objects to model pieces of information, connecting objects to model information and control flow, and swimlanes to model process participants. Four different diagram types allow the modeling of processes, process choreographies, collaboration between participants and conversations.
Microsoft .NET Platform
Microsoft .NET PlatformPeter R. Egli Overview of Microsoft .NET Platform and Components. .NET is Microsoft's managed code platform. .NET comes with a wealth of libraries for communication (WCF), graphical user interfaces (WPF, WinForms), database access (ADO.NET, SQL) etc.
Overview of Cloud Computing
Overview of Cloud ComputingPeter R. Egli Overview of Cloud Computing, Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, Software as a Service.
Cloud computing means transferring ICT resources (servers, hosts, applications, databases, platforms etc.) to a cloud service provider (CSP) with the goal of reducing capital expenditures (CapEx).
Cloud computing differs from legacy hosting services in that CSPs offer standardized services on a massive scale which results in economy-of-scale effects thus further reducing operating expenses (OpEx).
Different cloud models such as public, private and hybrid clouds address different customer needs.
The 3 categories for the functional level of cloud services are IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service),
PaaS (Platform as a Service) and SaaS (Software as a Service). Countless models emerge almost daily such as MaaS (Management as a Service), BaaS (Backend as a Service) and NaaS (Network as a Service).
To accommodate increases in processing power, cloud services offer the possibility to scale-up or scale-out.
MQTT - MQ Telemetry Transport for Message Queueing
MQTT - MQ Telemetry Transport for Message QueueingPeter R. Egli Description of message queueing (MQ) protocol for the transport of telemetry data (MQTT - MQ Telemetry Transport).
MQTT is a protocol designed to fit the needs of Internet of Things scenarios. It is lightweight and efficient, but still affords all the features required for reliable messaging between wireless sensor / actor nodes and applications. MQTT decouples producer and consumer of data (sensors, actors and applications) through message brokers with publish / subscribe message queues called topics. MQTT supports different levels of quality of service thus providing the flexibility to adapt to the different needs of applications.
Further features like will and retain messages make MQTT well suited for sensor network scenarios as well as for lightweight enterprise messaging applications.
Open source implementations like Eclipse paho provide ample code for integrating MQTT in your own applications.
Enterprise Application Integration Technologies
Enterprise Application Integration TechnologiesPeter R. Egli Overview of Enterprise Application Integration Technologies.
Enterprise Application Integration, or EAI in short, aims at integrating different applications into an IT application landscape. Traditionally, EAI was understood as using the same communication infrastructure by all applications without service-orientation in mind. This meant that the benefits of a shared infrastructure were limited while driving up costs through additional integration platforms.
Service Oriented Architectures (SOA) brought a new paradigm by decomposing applications into reusable and shareable services. Service orientation requires careful design of services. A hierarchic scheme of services may help to define a suitable service decomposition.
While SOA is technically based on big web service technologies, namely SOAP, WSDL and BPEL, WOA or Web Oriented Architecture stands for the lightweight service paradigm. WOA makes use of REST-based technologies like JSON and HTTP.
In many cases, an Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) is used as an infrastructure element to achieve the technical integration of the services. The ESB core functions like message routing, filtering and transformation provide the mediation services required to integrate heterogeneous application landscapes.
Overview of Microsoft .Net Remoting technology
Overview of Microsoft .Net Remoting technologyPeter R. Egli Overview of Microsoft .Net Remoting technology for inter-object communication.
.Net remoting is a .Net-based distributed object technology for accessing
.Net objects that reside in a different application domain (different process
on the same machine or different process on another machine).
.Net shares concepts with DCOM (Distributed Component Object Model), but
simplifies the communication with regard to transport ports and programmatic
model.
Microsoft's newer WCF (Windows Communication Foundation) provides a unified communication and programming model thus replacing older technologies like .Net remoting and DCOM in many applications.
Android Native Development Kit
Android Native Development KitPeter R. Egli Overview of Android NDK (Native Development Toolkit).
Android application development is primarily done with the Android SDK.
Apps are written in Java thus benefitting from the high-level constructs
of the managed environment as well as the wealth of functionality provided
by the Android application platform.
However, sometimes it is necessary to implement certain functionality natively
in C++, e.g. when access to hardware is required or 3rd party stacks have to
be included that are only available as C++ code.
The NDK is a lightweight development toolkit for writing native applications
and libraries that can interwork with Java application code.
Overview of SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol)
Overview of SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol)Peter R. Egli Overview of SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol), outlining the main features and capabilities of SCTP.
SCTP is a transport protocol that overcomes many of the shortcomings of TCP, namely head-of-line blocking and stream-oriented transmission.
SCTP supports multiple streams within a connection and preserves boundaries of application messages thus greatly simplifying communication.
Additionally, SCTP supports multi-homing which increases availability in applications with high reliability demands.
SCTP inherits much of the congestion, flow and error control mechanisms of TCP.
SCTP has its roots in telecom carrier networks for use in transitional voice over IP scenarios.
However, SCTP is generic so that it is applicable in many enterprise applications as well.
Overview of SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol)
Overview of SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol)Peter R. Egli Overview of SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol), outlining the main features and capabilities of SCTP.
SCTP is a transport protocol that overcomes many of the shortcomings of TCP, namely head-of-line blocking and stream-oriented transmission.
SCTP supports multiple streams within a connection and preserves boundaries of application messages thus greatly simplifying communication.
Additionally, SCTP supports multi-homing which increases availability in applications with high reliability demands.
SCTP inherits much of the congestion, flow and error control mechanisms of TCP.
SCTP has its roots in telecom carrier networks for use in transitional voice over IP scenarios.
However, SCTP is generic so that it is applicable in many enterprise applications as well.
Web services
Web servicesPeter R. Egli Overview of web services and web service architectures.
Web services have come of age and are the foundation of today's enterprise application architectures.
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) break up traditional application silos into reusable services shared and used by different applications.
Web services group and encapsulate related functionality into reusable functional units.
Web service intermediaries complement the business functionality exposed by web services with
functions such as authentication, load balancing, logging and caching.
To control web service consumer and producer compatibility, web services should carry the version of the service in the interface.
Overview of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP & RSTP)
Overview of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP & RSTP)Peter R. Egli This document provides an overview of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP), which are protocols used to create a loop-free topology in Ethernet networks. It describes the goal of preventing broadcast storms by eliminating loops. Key aspects of STP covered include the root bridge, port roles (root port, designated port, non-designated port), BPDUs, path costs, and how STP establishes a loop-free topology for bridged network segments. The document also provides standards information for various STP implementations.
MSMQ - Microsoft Message Queueing
MSMQ - Microsoft Message QueueingPeter R. Egli Overview of Microsoft Message Queueing (MSMQ) messaging technology.
MSMQ is Microsoft's message queueing technology that also integrates well into the newer Windows Communication Foundation framework.
MSMQ provides most of the features and functionality typical of message queueing systems.
Common Object Request Broker Architecture - CORBA
Common Object Request Broker Architecture - CORBAPeter R. Egli CORBA is a distributed object technology standard that allows objects to communicate with one another regardless of programming language or location. It uses an Object Request Broker (ORB) to handle requests and responses between clients and servers. CORBA defines an Interface Definition Language (IDL) to specify object interfaces independently of programming languages. The IDL compiler then generates stub and skeleton code to enable communication. CORBA provides interoperability, location transparency, and other services to facilitate distributed object communication.
Component Object Model (COM, DCOM, COM+)
Component Object Model (COM, DCOM, COM+)Peter R. Egli Overview of Microsoft COM / DCOM technology.
DCOM is Microsoft's component technology and can be roughly compared to CORBA technology. DCOM is however tightly bound to the Windows operating system (Win32 API). Windows Runtime is a newer Microsoft technology that borrows much of the concepts of COM/DCOM.
JMS - Java Messaging Service
JMS - Java Messaging ServicePeter R. Egli Overview of JMS messaging API.
JMS (Java Messaging Service) is an API for asynchronous message based communication between Java based applications.
JMS implementations (instances that implement the JMS API) are called JMS providers.
JMS defines two messaging domains. Point-to-point queues are typically used between one or multiple message senders and a single message receiver.
Topics are multi-point queues where messages are distributed to multiple receivers. As such topics resemble a black board.
Like many other message oriented middleware technologies, JMS provides advanced functions like persistent message delivery mode or different message acknowledgment modes.
Additionally, messages can be sent and received in a transacted mode thus ensuring that either all or no messages are sent and received.
JMS integrates into EJB (Enterprise Java Beans) through message driven beans.
Web Services (SOAP, WSDL, UDDI)
Web Services (SOAP, WSDL, UDDI)Peter R. Egli This document provides an introduction to SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI, which together define the architecture for big web services. It discusses what a web service is, the roles of SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI in the web service architecture, how web services differ from conventional middleware like CORBA, an overview of SOAP including its message exchange mechanism and use of RPC, how WSDL is used to describe a web service's interface, and how UDDI allows for service discovery.
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UDP - User Datagram Protocol
- 1. © Peter R. Egli 2015 1/7 Rev. 3.50 UDP - User Datagram Protocol indigoo.com INTRODUCTION TO USER DATAGRAM PROTOCOL, A SIMPLE PACKET TRANSPORT SERVICE IN THE INTERNET PROTOCOL SUITE PETER R. EGLI INDIGOO.COM USER DATAGRAM PROTOCOL UDP
- 2. © Peter R. Egli 2015 2/7 Rev. 3.50 UDP - User Datagram Protocol indigoo.com Contents 1. UDP (RFC768) characteristics 2. UDP Service 3. Typical UDP applications 4. UDP Checksum 5. UDP versus TCP
- 3. © Peter R. Egli 2015 3/7 Rev. 3.50 UDP - User Datagram Protocol indigoo.com 1. UDP (RFC768) characteristics • No connection establishment/teardown; data is just sent right away. • No flow control / congestion control, sender can overrun receiver‘s buffer: UDP is not suited for bulk data transfer. For data transfer with UDP a lock-step protocol is required (to be implemented by the application). • No error control; corrupted data is not retransmitted (even though UDP header has a checksum to detect errors and report these to the application). Packet 4 is dropped (buffer overrun). Host 1 Host 2 Packet 1 is sent to the application. Packet 4 is missing. The packet loss needs to be handled by the application (detection, retransmission). 1 Packet 1 is stored in the receive queue. 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 4 3 1 2 3 5 Packet 2 is stored in the receive queue. Packet 3 is stored in the receive queue. 2 3 5 1 Host 1 sends packets.
- 4. © Peter R. Egli 2015 4/7 Rev. 3.50 UDP - User Datagram Protocol indigoo.com 2. UDP service UDP is basically a simple extension of the IP datagram service. UDP adds multiplexing (on port number) to IP datagram service. Application writes are mapped 1:1 to UDP datagrams; UDP passes these 1:1 to the IP layer. UDP layer Appl. IP packets Application sends packets (APDU’s) over the socket interface Socket interface IP layer 2500 300 500 150 TPDU’s (UDP datagrams) 2500 300 500 150 300 500 15015001000 IP layer 300 2500 500 150 UDP layer 300 2500 500 150 Appl. Application reads packets (APDU’s) from the socket interface TPDU’s (UDP datagrams) 2500byte packet is too big. IP layer fragments the UDP datagram.
- 5. © Peter R. Egli 2015 5/7 Rev. 3.50 UDP - User Datagram Protocol indigoo.com 3. Typical UDP applications UDP is best suited for applications with short command-response type „transactions“ that do not justify the establishment / release prior to the data exchange. Host 1 Host 2 SNMP GET Request SNMP GET Response SNMP Host 1 Host 2 DNS Query DNS Response DNS Host 1 Host 2 Time request Time response SNTP Host 1 Host 2 DHCP Request DHCP Response DHCP/Bootp Host 1 Host 1 Host 2 RIP Route Update RIPHost 2 RADIUS Access Request RADIUS RADIUS Access Accept Host 1 Host 2 RPC Request RPC Reply RPC
- 6. © Peter R. Egli 2015 6/7 Rev. 3.50 UDP - User Datagram Protocol indigoo.com 4. UDP checksum UDP has a checksum too that provides minimal protection against transmission errors. The checksum is optional; if it is not used it shall be set to 0. Becaus the IP addresses are used in the UDP checksum calculation, UDP is tightly bound to the IP layer. Therefore UDP can only run on top of IP. Pseudo header The checksum is calculated over the pseudo header, UDP header and data (UDP payload). Source Port Destination Port Checksum Length Data UDP Length00000000 Protocol=17 UDP Length IP Destination Address IP Source Address UDP header
- 7. © Peter R. Egli 2015 7/7 Rev. 3.50 UDP - User Datagram Protocol indigoo.com 5. UDP versus TCP TCP Connection-oriented, point-to-point (unicast) Reliable end-to-end: No bit errors due to checksum. Packet ordering preserved. No duplicates. No packet loss. Stream-oriented (no message boundary preservation) Has flow control to maximise throughput Has congestion control to minimise packet loss Analogon: phone Examples of application protocols using TCP: HTTP, SMTP, FTP, TELNET UDP Connection-less, best-effort Not reliable (no retransmissions) Message boundary preservation No flow control No congestion control Analogon: mail (snail mail) Examples of application protocols using UDP: SNMP, DNS, TFTP, RTP, DHCP, SNTP N.B.: It is possible to run application protocols over both TCP and UDP. E.g. DNS is normally run on UDP, but for zone transfers (higher data volume) DNS uses TCP. Actually there is a shift towards using TCP instead UDP since TCP can better provide security (SSL/TLS, simpler filtering in firewalls etc.).