Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns
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The document describes an approach called SODA-BP for specifying and detecting business process antipatterns. SODA-BP involves defining antipatterns using rule cards, generating detection algorithms from the rule cards, and applying the algorithms to detect antipattern occurrences in business processes. The approach was validated on eight antipatterns across 35 BPEL processes.
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Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns
- 1. Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Francis Palma, Naouel Moha, and Yann-Gaël Guéhéneuc The MCETECH Conference, 2015 Ptidej Team, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada Latece, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada
- 2. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Problem Context 2 of • Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) • Service orchestration using control logics • Business Process Execution Language for Web Services (BPEL4WS) • Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) • Design patterns and antipatterns 24
- 3. May 15, 2015 Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages BPEL Engine BPEL Process Problem Context Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 3 of 24Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns
- 4. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Problem Context Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages BPEL Engine BPEL Process BPMN model Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 3 of 24
- 5. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Problem Context Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages BPEL Engine BPEL Process Early design anomalies BPMN model Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 3 of 24
- 6. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Problem Context Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages BPEL Engine BPEL Process Early design anomalies BPMN model BPEL4WS process Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 3 of 24
- 7. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Problem Context Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages BPEL Engine BPEL Process Early design anomalies BPMN model Transformation gaps BPEL4WS process Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 3 of 24
- 8. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Problem Context Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages BPEL Engine BPEL Process Early design anomalies BPMN model Conceptual mismatch Transformation gaps BPEL4WS process Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 3 of 24
- 9. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Problem Context Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages BPEL Engine BPEL Process Early design anomalies BPMN model Conceptual mismatch Transformation gaps Evolution Evolution BPEL4WS process Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 3 of 24
- 10. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Problem Context Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages BPEL Engine BPEL Process Early design anomalies BPMN model Conceptual mismatch Antipatterns! Transformation gaps Evolution Evolution BPEL4WS process Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 3 of 24
- 11. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Early design anomalies hard to maintain and evolve bad quality of service poor design BPMN model Conceptual mismatch Antipatterns! Transformation gaps Evolution Evolution Problem Context Web servicesClient applicationUsers messages messages BPEL Engine BPEL Process BPEL4WS process Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 3 of 24
- 12. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Process Antipatterns: An Example *Jana Koehler and Jussi Vanhatalo, Process Anti-Patterns: How to Avoid the Common Traps of Business Process Modeling, 2005 Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 4 of 24
- 13. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Process Antipatterns: An Example Deadlocks Through Decision-Join Pairs decision and join Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 4 of 24 *Jana Koehler and Jussi Vanhatalo, Process Anti-Patterns: How to Avoid the Common Traps of Business Process Modeling, 2005
- 14. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Process Antipatterns: An Example Deadlocks Through Decision-Join Pairs Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 4 of 24 *Jana Koehler and Jussi Vanhatalo, Process Anti-Patterns: How to Avoid the Common Traps of Business Process Modeling, 2005
- 15. Outline • Context • Related Work • Approach • Experiments • Conclusion
- 17. May 15, 2015 Related Work (1/2) • Catalog of antipatterns: - Onoda et al. (1999): 5 deadlock patterns - Persson et al. (2006), Stirna et al. (2009): 6 patterns , 13 antipatterns - Koehler and Vanhatalo (2007): 14 structural antipatterns - Trcka et al. (2009): formalised 9 antipatterns using temporal logic • Detection of antipatterns: - Gruhn and Laue (2010): heuristic-based approach - Laue and Awad (2010): visualise antipatterns • BPEL4WS patterns: - Wohed et al. (2002): analysed BPEL4WS based on communication patterns - Aalst et al. (2003): 26 branching-synchronization, structural patterns Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 5 of 24
- 18. May 15, 2015 Related Work (2/2) Identified gaps from the literature: - Antipatterns and detection approaches: for graphical models - No specifications of process antipatterns (except Trcka et al. 2009) - No automatic detection approach for process antipatterns until now - Various quality aspects of partner services were not considered Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 6 of 24
- 20. May 15, 2015 Solution towards detection • We propose to: - specify process antipatterns using rule cards - define a concrete approach: SODA-BP • We perform validation of SODA-BP - eight antipatterns, 35 BPEL processes Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 7 of 24
- 21. May 15, 2015 Approach (1/6): SODA-BP Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Service Oriented Detection for Antipatterns in Business Processes 1. Specification of Process Antipatterns inputs outputs Process antipatterns Rule cards Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 8 of 24
- 22. May 15, 2015 Approach (1/6): SODA-BP Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Service Oriented Detection for Antipatterns in Business Processes 1. Specification of Process Antipatterns 2. Generation of Detection Algorithms inputs outputs Process antipatterns Rule cards Rule cards Detection Algorithms Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 8 of 24
- 23. May 15, 2015 Approach (1/6): SODA-BP Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Service Oriented Detection for Antipatterns in Business Processes 1. Specification of Process Antipatterns 2. Generation of Detection Algorithms 3. Detection of Process Antipatterns inputs outputs Process antipatterns Rule cards Rule cards Detection Algorithms Detection Algorithms Antipatterns occurrences Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 8 of 24
- 24. May 15, 2015 Approach (2/6): Specify Rules Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns BNF grammar of the DSL of SODA-BP Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 9 of 24
- 25. May 15, 2015 Approach (2/6): Specify Rules Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns BNF grammar of the DSL of SODA-BP Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 9 of 24
- 26. May 15, 2015 Approach (2/6): Specify Rules Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns BNF grammar of the DSL of SODA-BP Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 9 of 24
- 27. May 15, 2015 Approach (2/6): Specify Rules Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns BNF grammar of the DSL of SODA-BP Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 9 of 24
- 28. May 15, 2015 Approach (2/6): Specify Rules Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns BNF grammar of the DSL of SODA-BP Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 9 of 24
- 29. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Approach (3/6): Specify Rules RULE_CARD Deadlock { RULE Deadlock {X_DECISION S:PRECEDE (JOIN OR TASK)}; }; Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 10 of 24
- 30. May 15, 2015 Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Approach (4/6): Generation 2. Generation of Detection AlgorithmsRule cards Detection Algorithms Manual Implementation Rules of Antipatterns Detection Algorithms in JAVA Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 11 of 24
- 31. May 15, 2015 Approach (5/6): Process Transform Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 12 of 24
- 32. May 15, 2015 Approach (5/6): Process Transform Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Step 1 Step 1: An automatic transformation to abstract process Step 2: Semantically equivalent process mappable to our language Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 12 of 24
- 33. May 15, 2015 Approach (5/6): Process Transform Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Step 1 Step 2 Step 1: An automatic transformation to abstract process Step 2: Semantically equivalent process mappable to our language Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 12 of 24
- 34. May 15, 2015 Approach (6/6): Detection Framework Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Process Handler: - generate the process structure trees (PSTs) - map the abstract process model to rule-based language - automatically apply detection algorithms on PSTs and report results Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 13 of 24
- 36. May 15, 2015 Experiments (1/8): Assumptions Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns A1. Generality: The DSL allows the specification of different process antipatterns. A2. Accuracy: Antipatterns detection algorithms have at least a precision of 75%, and a recall of 100%. A3. Extensibility: Our DSL and SOFA framework are extensible by adding new metrics and process antipatterns. Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 14 of 24
- 37. May 15, 2015 Experiments (2/8): Subjects Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns 1. Cyclic Deadlock through Join-Fork and Join-Decision Pair 2. Cyclic Lack of Synchronisation through Merge-Fork Pair 3. Dangling Inputs and Outputs 4. Deadlock Through Decision-Join Pair 5. Lack of Synchronisation through Fork-Merge Pair 6. Missing Data 7. Multiple Connections between Activities 8. Passing Shared Data along Several Branches • Rule cards are available on http://sofa.uqam.ca/soda-bp/ Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 15 of 24
- 38. May 15, 2015 Experiments (3/8): Objects Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 16 of 24
- 39. May 15, 2015 Experiments (4/8): Results Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 17 of 24 Lack of Synchronisation antipattern RULE_CARD LackOfSynchronisation { RULE LackOfSynchronisation {(MultiForkAndMerge AND MergePrecedence) W:PRECEDE MERGE:i}; RULE MultiForkAndMerge {MultiFork AND MultiMerge}; RULE MultiFork {NOF ≥ 1}; RULE MultiMerge {NOM ≥ 2}; RULE MergePrecedence {FORK W:PRECEDE MERGE:j}; };
- 40. May 15, 2015 Experiments (4/8): Results Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 17 of 24 Lack of Synchronisation antipattern RULE_CARD LackOfSynchronisation { RULE LackOfSynchronisation {(MultiForkAndMerge AND MergePrecedence) W:PRECEDE MERGE:i}; RULE MultiForkAndMerge {MultiFork AND MultiMerge}; RULE MultiFork {NOF ≥ 1}; RULE MultiMerge {NOM ≥ 2}; RULE MergePrecedence {FORK W:PRECEDE MERGE:j}; };
- 41. May 15, 2015 Experiments (5/8): Results Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 18 of 24 Multiple Connections antipattern RULE_CARD MultipleConnection { RULE MultipleConnection {MultiControlFlow OR MultiDataFlow}; RULE MultiControlFlow {NICF > 1}; RULE MultiDataFlow {NIDF > 1}; };
- 42. May 15, 2015 Experiments (6/8): Generality (A1) Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns RULE _CARD DanglingOutputs { RULE DanglingOutputs {NUO = 0}; }; RULE_CARD LackOfSynchronisation { RULE LackOfSynchronisation {(MultiForkAndMerge AND MergePrecedence) W:PRECEDE MERGE:i}; RULE MultiForkAndMerge {MultiFork AND MultiMerge}; RULE MultiFork {NOF ≥ 1}; RULE MultiMerge {NOM ≥ 2}; RULE MergePrecedence {FORK W:PRECEDE MERGE:j}; }; RULE_CARD MissingData { RULE MissingData {RequiredInputData AND DanglingInput}; RULE RequiredInputData {UndeclaredData AND UnproducedData}; RULE UndeclaredData {NIU ≥ 1}; RULE UnproducedData {NIP ≥ 1}; RULE DanglingInput {RULE_CARD DanglingInputs}; }; Our DSL allows the specification of different process antipatterns. Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 19 of 24
- 43. May 15, 2015 Experiments (7/8): Accuracy (A2) Antipatterns detection algorithms have at least a precision of 75%, and a recall of 100%. Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 20 of 24Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns
- 44. May 15, 2015 Experiments (8/8): Extensibility (A3) Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns For the DSL: 19 SCA and Web services-specific metrics 10 new business process-specific metrics Extended the DSL with new business process-specific constructs For the SOFA framework: specified and detected 23 antipatterns in SCA, Web services 8 business process-specific antipatterns Our DSL and SOFA framework are extensible by adding new metrics and process antipatterns. Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 21 of 24
- 45. May 15, 2015 Comparison with other approaches Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 22 of 24
- 47. May 15, 2015 Conclusion Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 23 of 24
- 48. May 15, 2015 Conclusion Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 23 of 24
- 49. May 15, 2015 Conclusion Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 23 of 24
- 50. May 15, 2015 Conclusion Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 23 of 24
- 51. May 15, 2015 Future work • Perform experiments on other large and complex processes - Limitation: availability of business processes • Automate the algorithm generation approach • Analyse the processes dynamically • Focus on the corrections of process antipatterns Palma et al. | Specification and Detection of Business Process Antipatterns Context Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion 24 of 24
- 52. Thanks for your attention! Questions?