Software Development Method
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Waterfall and spiral model
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Waterfall, Spiral and iterative model
Waterfall, Spiral and iterative modelSandesh Jonchhe The document provides an overview and comparison of three software engineering models: Waterfall, Spiral, and Iterative. The Waterfall model involves sequential phases from requirements to maintenance. The Spiral model is risk-driven and iterative, with prototypes evaluated at each cycle. The Iterative model breaks a project into smaller modules that are delivered incrementally with user feedback between cycles. Both Spiral and Iterative models allow for refinement and flexibility compared to the linear Waterfall approach.
Comparision of waterfall,spiral and v modal
Comparision of waterfall,spiral and v modalShab Bi This document compares the waterfall, V-model, and spiral software development models. It describes the key phases and characteristics of each model. The waterfall model is a linear sequential process where each phase must be completed before the next begins. The V-model is similar but adds testing at each phase. The spiral model is iterative with risk analysis and prototyping at each loop. The document discusses the pros and cons of each approach, concluding that the waterfall model is best for known requirements, the V-model for smaller projects, and the spiral model for large projects requiring extensive risk analysis.
Spiral model
Spiral modelkhuram22 The Spiral Model is a software development lifecycle model that combines elements of prototyping and the waterfall model. It involves iterating through phases for communication, planning, modeling, construction and deployment in spirals to obtain early feedback from customers. Each iteration allows for refinement of deliverables based on customer evaluations and helps manage risks for large, expensive and complex projects.
What is iterative model
What is iterative modelShivam Rathi The iterative model is a software development approach where requirements are defined and implemented in increments, with each increment building on the previous ones. In each iteration, a small part of the software is specified, developed, tested, and reviewed to identify additional requirements. This process is repeated until the full product is complete. The iterative model allows requirements to evolve over time through user feedback on early versions. It has advantages like early defect detection and user input, but risks costly late-stage changes from unclear initial requirements. The iterative approach is best for large projects where major requirements are defined but details can change.
Waterfall model and spiral model
Waterfall model and spiral modelShirisha Maharjan The document discusses two software development life cycle (SDLC) models: the waterfall model and the spiral model. The waterfall model is a sequential design process where each phase must be completed before the next can begin. It is simple but not suitable for complex or long-term projects where requirements may change. The spiral model is an iterative approach that allows for incremental releases and refinement through each cycle. It focuses on risk evaluation and is well-suited to large, expensive projects with changing needs.
Spiral model presentation
Spiral model presentationSayedFarhan110 The document discusses the spiral model of software development. The spiral model is an iterative approach that combines prototyping and aspects of the waterfall model. It was defined by Barry Boehm in 1988 as a way to address risks through iterative evaluation and improvement of prototypes. The spiral model is best for medium to high risk projects where requirements are complex or expected to change. It involves evaluating prototypes, defining new prototypes based on learnings, and repeating this process until the final product is delivered.
Spiral model
Spiral modelHajji Mboowa Yahaya The spiral model is an iterative software development process that combines elements of both prototyping and waterfall models. It involves iterating through phases of planning, risk analysis, engineering, and evaluation. During each iteration, the software is developed through a linear process, then evaluated by the customer to provide feedback for the next iteration. An example is the evolution of Microsoft Windows from version 3.1 through 2003.
Software development lifecycle part2
Software development lifecycle part2Ramandeep Singh The document discusses different software development life cycle (SDLC) models including waterfall, iterative, spiral, and V-model. It provides an overview of each model, describing their key characteristics and phases. Pros and cons are outlined for each model. The waterfall model follows sequential phases from concept to maintenance. The iterative model develops the software incrementally in cycles. The spiral model similarly progresses iteratively but with a risk management focus. The V-model incorporates testing activities parallel to development phases. The document notes agile models are now commonly used in industry.
Iterative model in sdlc
Iterative model in sdlcAbdullah Al Rumy The iterative model of the software development lifecycle involves developing software in cycles. Each cycle creates a new version of the software by specifying, implementing, and reviewing a part of the requirements. This allows development to begin before all requirements are known and lets the software evolve through feedback. Benefits include early detection of defects, reliable user feedback, and more time spent designing. Limitations are that each phase is rigid and costly architecture issues may arise from a lack of upfront requirements gathering. The iterative model is best for projects with clearly defined but evolving requirements or large projects where some details can change over time.
Prototype Model
Prototype Modelkhushi kalaria The document discusses prototype modeling. A prototype is a preliminary model or version of a final product that is created to test concepts or processes. There are several types of prototyping including throwaway, evolutionary, incremental, and extreme prototyping. The prototype modeling process involves requirements gathering, quick design, building the prototype, customer evaluation, review and updates. Prototypes allow users to provide feedback early in the development process and help reduce costs, time, and risks.
Incremental and iterative stratergy
Incremental and iterative stratergySushant Kushwaha The document discusses the incremental model of software development. It involves constructing a partial initial implementation and then gradually adding more functionality through subsequent releases. Each release builds on previous ones by delivering additional features. The incremental model allows for early delivery of basic functionality, customer feedback, and a divide and conquer approach. However, it requires good planning, design of the complete system upfront, and well-defined module interfaces. The incremental model is best for projects that need early benefits, lengthy development schedules, or new technologies.
Spiral model
Spiral modelEstiak Khan The Spiral Model is a software development process that divides projects into iterations. It consists of four phases - Planning, Risk Analysis, Engineering, and Evaluation - that are repeated within each iteration. In the Planning phase, requirements are gathered. Risk Analysis involves creating prototypes to identify risks. Engineering is when software is developed and tested. Evaluation has customers assess the software and plan the next iteration. The Spiral Model is suited for medium-high risk projects where requirements are complex and changing.
PROTOTYPE MODEL
PROTOTYPE MODELshenagarg44 A prototype model is system development life cycle (SDLC) model used by companies in information system department.
Comparison of waterfall model and prototype model
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50500113 spiral-model
50500113 spiral-modelasidharath This document discusses various iterative software development models, including the spiral model, win-win spiral model, and cleanroom methodology. The spiral model is risk-driven and involves iterating through phases of planning, risk assessment, engineering, and evaluation. The win-win spiral model seeks to reconcile stakeholder objectives through negotiation. Cleanroom methodology emphasizes technical reviews, incremental development, and testing to reduce defects. Alternative models like hacking are also discussed for low-risk or disposable projects. Overall, the iterative models attempt to address limitations of the traditional waterfall model by incorporating feedback loops, prototyping, and incremental delivery.
Spiral model
Spiral modelrewa_monami The document presents information on the Spiral Model software development process. It discusses that the Spiral Model combines elements of the prototype model and waterfall model. It involves dividing the process into task regions like customer communication, planning, risk analysis, engineering, and construction. Each task region results in further refinement through iterations of the spiral. The Spiral Model allows for risk analysis and adding new features throughout the process.
The Waterfall Model & RAD MODEL
The Waterfall Model & RAD MODELDaffodil International University The document discusses the waterfall model and rapid application development (RAD) model for software development. The waterfall model is a sequential process where each phase must be completed before moving to the next. RAD is an adaptation of the waterfall model aimed at faster development through iterative cycles. It focuses on input/output and uses tools like case tools, data dictionaries, and storyboards. The document outlines the phases, advantages, and disadvantages of each model.
Spiral model of SDLC
Spiral model of SDLCAnimesh Chakraborty The document describes the spiral model of the software development life cycle (SDLC). It discusses the phases of the spiral model including planning, risk analysis, engineering, and evaluation. The spiral model is an iterative approach that combines elements of both design and prototyping-based development. It allows for incremental adjustments to requirements through repeated cycles. The model helps manage risk on large, complex projects that experience changing requirements over time.
Spiral model
Spiral modelNoraphyusin Spiral Model
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Waterfall model
Waterfall modelSandeep Kumar The document discusses the waterfall model, which is a sequential software development process where progress flows steadily from one phase to the next - conception, initiation, analysis, design, construction, testing, production/implementation, and maintenance. The key phases and deliverables are completed one at a time before moving to the next phase. The waterfall model is simple and easy to understand, manage, and works well for smaller projects with well-defined requirements. However, it is inflexible and carries high risks since changes are difficult once a later phase has begun and no working software is produced until late in the lifecycle. The model is not suitable for complex, long-term, or ambiguous projects where requirements may change.
Waterfall model
Waterfall modelkhushboo8093 A waterfall model is a sequential design process, used in software development processes, in which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards( like a waterfall) through the phrases of Conception, Initiation, Analysis, Design, Construction, Testing, Production/Implementation, and Maintenance.
The waterfall development model originates in the manufacturing and construction industries which are highly structured physical environments in which after-the-fact changes are prohibitively costly, if not impossible. Since no formal software development methodologies existed at the time, this hardware-oriented model was simply adapted for software development.
Evolutionary models
Evolutionary modelsPihu Goel Evolutionary models are iterative and incremental software development approaches that combine iterative and incremental processes. There are two main types: prototyping and spiral models. The prototyping model develops prototypes that are tested and refined based on customer feedback until requirements are met, while the spiral model proceeds through multiple loops or phases of planning, risk analysis, engineering, and evaluation. Both approaches allow requirements to evolve through development and support risk handling.
Comparison between waterfall model and spiral model
Comparison between waterfall model and spiral modelGalaxyy Pandey The document compares the waterfall and spiral models of software development. It describes the phases and characteristics of each model. The waterfall model progresses through phases sequentially with no going back, while the spiral model iterates through phases and allows revisiting previous work. The key difference is that the spiral model supports changes more easily and involves customers throughout, while the waterfall model does not support changes as well and involves customers less. Choosing a model depends on factors like project size, resources, and urgency.
Waterfall, Incremental and prototyping model
Waterfall, Incremental and prototyping modelyaseen4444 The document discusses different software development models: Waterfall, Incremental, and Prototyping. The Waterfall model involves sequential phases from requirements to maintenance with no overlap. It is simple but difficult to change requirements later. The Incremental model develops software in modules with each phase building on previous work. This allows for flexibility but architecture risks. The Prototyping model uses prototypes to refine requirements through iterative testing and reworking. Customers see progress but the timeline is uncertain.
Waterfall model
Waterfall modelManusha Dilan The waterfall model is a sequential (non-iterative) design process, used in software development processes, in which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through the phases of conception, initiation, analysis, design, construction, testing, production/implementation and maintenance.
Iterative Development: Breaking from the Waterfall
Iterative Development: Breaking from the WaterfallAndrei Navarro The document discusses the waterfall and agile approaches to software development. The waterfall approach is sequential with distinct phases of planning, analysis, design, implementation, and support. It focuses on documentation and following a strict plan. However, it does not allow for feedback or changes once a phase is complete. The agile approach uses iterative cycles to develop software in smaller portions with customer feedback at each stage, allowing for changes and continual learning throughout the process. While less documentation-focused, agile enables quicker response to changes.
Software engineering 25 models details
Software engineering 25 models detailsSamiul Hossaini The document describes 18 different software development models including the Waterfall, Incremental, Spiral, Concurrent, Component-Based, Formal Method, Aspect Oriented, Unified Process models. For each model there is a brief introduction describing the key aspects of the model, a diagram illustrating it, advantages and disadvantages, best uses, and similar models. The models range from traditional sequential to more modern iterative and agile approaches.
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REPORT IN SYSTEM INTEGRATION AND ARCHITECTURE.pptxESAChannel The term "Software Development Life Cycle" (SDLC) refers to a methodology for producing high-quality software that includes well-defined processes. The phases of software development that the SDLC approach focuses on in depth are as follows:
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Iterative model in sdlc
Iterative model in sdlcAbdullah Al Rumy The iterative model of the software development lifecycle involves developing software in cycles. Each cycle creates a new version of the software by specifying, implementing, and reviewing a part of the requirements. This allows development to begin before all requirements are known and lets the software evolve through feedback. Benefits include early detection of defects, reliable user feedback, and more time spent designing. Limitations are that each phase is rigid and costly architecture issues may arise from a lack of upfront requirements gathering. The iterative model is best for projects with clearly defined but evolving requirements or large projects where some details can change over time.
Prototype Model
Prototype Modelkhushi kalaria The document discusses prototype modeling. A prototype is a preliminary model or version of a final product that is created to test concepts or processes. There are several types of prototyping including throwaway, evolutionary, incremental, and extreme prototyping. The prototype modeling process involves requirements gathering, quick design, building the prototype, customer evaluation, review and updates. Prototypes allow users to provide feedback early in the development process and help reduce costs, time, and risks.
Incremental and iterative stratergy
Incremental and iterative stratergySushant Kushwaha The document discusses the incremental model of software development. It involves constructing a partial initial implementation and then gradually adding more functionality through subsequent releases. Each release builds on previous ones by delivering additional features. The incremental model allows for early delivery of basic functionality, customer feedback, and a divide and conquer approach. However, it requires good planning, design of the complete system upfront, and well-defined module interfaces. The incremental model is best for projects that need early benefits, lengthy development schedules, or new technologies.
Spiral model
Spiral modelEstiak Khan The Spiral Model is a software development process that divides projects into iterations. It consists of four phases - Planning, Risk Analysis, Engineering, and Evaluation - that are repeated within each iteration. In the Planning phase, requirements are gathered. Risk Analysis involves creating prototypes to identify risks. Engineering is when software is developed and tested. Evaluation has customers assess the software and plan the next iteration. The Spiral Model is suited for medium-high risk projects where requirements are complex and changing.
PROTOTYPE MODEL
PROTOTYPE MODELshenagarg44 A prototype model is system development life cycle (SDLC) model used by companies in information system department.
Comparison of waterfall model and prototype model
Comparison of waterfall model and prototype modelShubham Agrawal The document compares the waterfall model and prototype model of software development. The waterfall model is a sequential process with distinct phases from conception to maintenance. It is simple but inflexible. The prototype model builds throwaway prototypes to understand requirements, allowing for user feedback and flexibility but potentially increasing complexity. Each model suits different types of projects based on requirements certainty, resources, and need for user interaction.
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50500113 spiral-modelasidharath This document discusses various iterative software development models, including the spiral model, win-win spiral model, and cleanroom methodology. The spiral model is risk-driven and involves iterating through phases of planning, risk assessment, engineering, and evaluation. The win-win spiral model seeks to reconcile stakeholder objectives through negotiation. Cleanroom methodology emphasizes technical reviews, incremental development, and testing to reduce defects. Alternative models like hacking are also discussed for low-risk or disposable projects. Overall, the iterative models attempt to address limitations of the traditional waterfall model by incorporating feedback loops, prototyping, and incremental delivery.
Spiral model
Spiral modelrewa_monami The document presents information on the Spiral Model software development process. It discusses that the Spiral Model combines elements of the prototype model and waterfall model. It involves dividing the process into task regions like customer communication, planning, risk analysis, engineering, and construction. Each task region results in further refinement through iterations of the spiral. The Spiral Model allows for risk analysis and adding new features throughout the process.
The Waterfall Model & RAD MODEL
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Spiral model of SDLC
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What is Spiral Model?
Phases
When to use Spiral Model?
Advantages and Disadvantages
Conclusion
Waterfall model
Waterfall modelSandeep Kumar The document discusses the waterfall model, which is a sequential software development process where progress flows steadily from one phase to the next - conception, initiation, analysis, design, construction, testing, production/implementation, and maintenance. The key phases and deliverables are completed one at a time before moving to the next phase. The waterfall model is simple and easy to understand, manage, and works well for smaller projects with well-defined requirements. However, it is inflexible and carries high risks since changes are difficult once a later phase has begun and no working software is produced until late in the lifecycle. The model is not suitable for complex, long-term, or ambiguous projects where requirements may change.
Waterfall model
Waterfall modelkhushboo8093 A waterfall model is a sequential design process, used in software development processes, in which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards( like a waterfall) through the phrases of Conception, Initiation, Analysis, Design, Construction, Testing, Production/Implementation, and Maintenance.
The waterfall development model originates in the manufacturing and construction industries which are highly structured physical environments in which after-the-fact changes are prohibitively costly, if not impossible. Since no formal software development methodologies existed at the time, this hardware-oriented model was simply adapted for software development.
Evolutionary models
Evolutionary modelsPihu Goel Evolutionary models are iterative and incremental software development approaches that combine iterative and incremental processes. There are two main types: prototyping and spiral models. The prototyping model develops prototypes that are tested and refined based on customer feedback until requirements are met, while the spiral model proceeds through multiple loops or phases of planning, risk analysis, engineering, and evaluation. Both approaches allow requirements to evolve through development and support risk handling.
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Comparison between waterfall model and spiral modelGalaxyy Pandey The document compares the waterfall and spiral models of software development. It describes the phases and characteristics of each model. The waterfall model progresses through phases sequentially with no going back, while the spiral model iterates through phases and allows revisiting previous work. The key difference is that the spiral model supports changes more easily and involves customers throughout, while the waterfall model does not support changes as well and involves customers less. Choosing a model depends on factors like project size, resources, and urgency.
Waterfall, Incremental and prototyping model
Waterfall, Incremental and prototyping modelyaseen4444 The document discusses different software development models: Waterfall, Incremental, and Prototyping. The Waterfall model involves sequential phases from requirements to maintenance with no overlap. It is simple but difficult to change requirements later. The Incremental model develops software in modules with each phase building on previous work. This allows for flexibility but architecture risks. The Prototyping model uses prototypes to refine requirements through iterative testing and reworking. Customers see progress but the timeline is uncertain.
Waterfall model
Waterfall modelManusha Dilan The waterfall model is a sequential (non-iterative) design process, used in software development processes, in which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through the phases of conception, initiation, analysis, design, construction, testing, production/implementation and maintenance.
Iterative Development: Breaking from the Waterfall
Iterative Development: Breaking from the WaterfallAndrei Navarro The document discusses the waterfall and agile approaches to software development. The waterfall approach is sequential with distinct phases of planning, analysis, design, implementation, and support. It focuses on documentation and following a strict plan. However, it does not allow for feedback or changes once a phase is complete. The agile approach uses iterative cycles to develop software in smaller portions with customer feedback at each stage, allowing for changes and continual learning throughout the process. While less documentation-focused, agile enables quicker response to changes.
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AssignmentDelowar hossain The document discusses and compares several software development life cycle (SDLC) models:
1) The waterfall model is a linear sequential flow where progress flows steadily through phases without backtracking. It is best for projects with clearly defined requirements.
2) The V-shaped model extends the waterfall model with early testing. It works well when requirements are easily understood.
3) The spiral model combines prototyping and risk assessment in cycles. It is favored for large, expensive projects built in phases.
4) The iterative model develops a system through repeated cycles and smaller portions, allowing learning from earlier versions. It produces value early and accommodates some changes.
5) The concurrent model develops tasks and states concurrently through framework
SDLC
SDLCJayeshPatil149 SDLC-Software Development Life Cycle fundamentals /basics
The Presentation provides fundamentals of SDLC . The intent is to provide the high level overview to the readers .Details on teh SDLC process , Frameworks are provided.
Feedback for improving the contents are always welcome !
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minimum resources (expert team members). This model increase the utilization of different development
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SDLC models give a theoretical guide line regarding development of the software. Employing proper
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Introduction to System Programming
Introduction to System ProgrammingMeghaj Mallick The entire PPT focuses about the subject "System Programming".
The PPT consist of the basics of the topic that will cover the entire topic.
MACRO ASSEBLER
MACRO ASSEBLERMeghaj Mallick This PPT covers the entire topic of Macro Assembler. This Includes the topic such as design of a macro assembler, 3 passes of macro assembler etc.
This is the PPT of System Programming.
Icons, Image & Multimedia
Icons, Image & MultimediaMeghaj Mallick This is an PPT about the Icons that are used in Graphical User Interface, the Images that are used for developing a web page & the use of multimedia for various purpose.
This is an PowerPoint Presentation of Front End Design.
Project Tracking & SPC
Project Tracking & SPCMeghaj Mallick This PPT describes about the "Project Tracking" activity & statistical process control at Infosys.
It covers the entire topic such as project tracking, activities tracking, defect tracking, issue tracking, etc.
It covers all main activity of SPC such as SPC analysis, control chart for SPC etc.
This PowerPoint presentation is of "Software Project Management".
Peephole Optimization
Peephole OptimizationMeghaj Mallick This is the PowerPoint presentation on the topic "Peephole Optimization". This presentation covers the entire topic of peephole optimization.
This PowerPoint presentation is of Compiler Design.
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Routing in MANETMeghaj Mallick This is the PPT of "Routing in Manet". It covers the entire topic of routing protocol.
This PowerPoint presentation is of Data Communication & Computer Network.
Macro assembler
Macro assemblerMeghaj Mallick The document discusses the design of a two-pass macro preprocessor. In pass one, macro definitions are identified and stored in a macro definition table along with their parameters. A macro name table is also created. In pass two, macro calls are identified and replaced by retrieving the corresponding macro definition and substituting actual parameters for formal parameters using an argument list array. Databases like the macro definition table, macro name table, and argument list array are used to store and retrieve macro information to enable expansion of macro calls. The algorithm scans the input sequentially in each pass to process macro definitions and calls.
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Architecture and security in Vanet PPTMeghaj Mallick This document discusses Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) which allow vehicles to communicate with each other to share safety and traffic information. It outlines the architecture of VANETs including vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. The document also discusses security issues in VANETs such as bogus information attacks, identity disclosure, and denial-of-service attacks. It proposes the use of authentication, message integrity, privacy, traceability and availability to address these security requirements. The document assumes that roadways are divided into regions managed by trusted roadside infrastructure units.
Design Model & User Interface Design in Software Engineering
Design Model & User Interface Design in Software EngineeringMeghaj Mallick This is an PPT of Software Engineering. This contains the following topic such as "Design Model & User Interface Design in Software Engineering ".
Text Mining of Twitter in Data Mining
Text Mining of Twitter in Data MiningMeghaj Mallick This is an PPPt of Data Mining.It contains the following topic such as " Text Mining of Twitter in Data Mining".
DFS & BFS in Computer Algorithm
DFS & BFS in Computer AlgorithmMeghaj Mallick This document discusses breadth-first search (BFS) and depth-first search (DFS) algorithms for traversing graphs. It provides examples of how BFS uses a queue to search all neighbors at the current level before moving to the next level, while DFS uses a stack and explores each branch as far as possible before backtracking. The document compares key differences between BFS and DFS such as their time and space complexities, usefulness for finding shortest paths, and whether queues or stacks are used. Application areas for each algorithm are also mentioned.
Secant method in Numerical & Statistical Method
Secant method in Numerical & Statistical MethodMeghaj Mallick This is an PPT of a Mathematical Paper i.e Numerical & Statistical Method. It contsin the following topic such as "Secant method in Numerical & Statistical Method ".
Motivation in Organization
Motivation in OrganizationMeghaj Mallick This is an PPT of Management. This contains the following topic such as "Motivation in Organization".
Communication Skill
Communication SkillMeghaj Mallick This document discusses communication and barriers to effective communication. It defines communication as the exchange of information, ideas, thoughts and feelings between individuals through speech, writing and behavior. It then outlines some common barriers to communication, including badly expressed messages, loss in transmission, semantic problems, over or under communication, prejudices on the sender's part, and poor attention, inattentive listening, evaluation, interests/attitudes and refutation on the receiver's part. The document suggests identifying and addressing such barriers to improve communication.
Partial-Orderings in Discrete Mathematics
Partial-Orderings in Discrete MathematicsMeghaj Mallick This is an PPT of Discrete Mathematics. It contains the following topic " Partial-Orderings in Discrete Mathematics ".
Hashing In Data Structure 
Hashing In Data Structure Meghaj Mallick This document provides an introduction to hashing and hash tables. It defines hashing as a data structure that uses a hash function to map values to keys for fast retrieval. It gives an example of mapping list values to array indices using modulo. The document discusses hash tables and their operations of search, insert and delete in O(1) time. It describes collisions that occur during hash function mapping and resolution techniques like separate chaining and linear probing.
Complexity Analysis of Recursive Function
Complexity Analysis of Recursive FunctionMeghaj Mallick This is an PPT of Data Structure. It include the following topic "Complexity Analysis of Recursive Function".
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- 1. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT METHOD By MEGHAJ KUMAR MALLICK MCA 1st Year 1st Semester MCA/25017/18
- 3. INTRODUCTION Software development is a process by which standalone or individual software is created using a specific programming language. Software development includes numerous steps such as thinking of an idea, designing a rough idea, implementation of the blueprint, testing, bug fixing and many more.
- 6. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT METHOD A software development methodology or system development methodology in software engineering is a framework that is used to structure, plan, and control the process of developing an information system.
- 9. WATERFALL MODEL The Waterfall Model was first Process Model to be introduced. It is very simple to understand and use. In a Waterfall model, each phase must be completed before the next phase can begin and there is no overlapping in the phases. Waterfall model is the earliest SDLC approach that was used for software development.
- 10. PRO & CONS OF WATERFALL Requirements are very well documented, clear and fixed. Clearly defined stages. Phases are processed and completed one at a time No working software is produced until late during the life cycle. Poor model for long and ongoing projects. Not a good model for complex and object- oriented projects. PRO CONS
- 12. ABOUT PROTOTYPING The Prototyping Model is a systems development method (SDM) in which a prototype (an early approximation of a final system or product) is built, tested, and then reworked as necessary until an acceptable prototype is finally achieved from which the complete system or product can now be developed.
- 13. PRO & CONS Easier to manage risk, high risk part is done first. Testing and debugging during smaller iteration is easy. Results are obtained early and periodically. More resources may be required. Not suitable for smaller projects. End of project may not be known which is a risk PRO CONS
- 15. ABOUT INCREMENTAL MODEL The product is designed, implemented and tested incrementally (a little more is added each time) until the product is finished. The product is defined as finished when it satisfies all of its requirements. This model combines the elements of the waterfall model with the iterative philosophy of prototyping.
- 16. PRO & CON Uses divide and conquer for breakdown of tasks. Lowers initial delivery cost. Incremental Resource Deployment. Well defined module interfaces are required. Total cost is not lower. Requires good planning and design. PRO CON