MVC 6 Introduction

ASP.NET MVC -
6
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NareshIT.blogspot.com

DESIGN PATTERNS /
ARCHITECTURAL PATTERNS

„ First learn rules and physical requirements
– e.g., names of pieces, legal movements, chess board
geometry and orientation, etc. „
Then learn principles
– e.g., relative value of certain pieces, strategic value of
center squares, power of a threat, etc. „
However, to become a master of chess, one
must study the games of other masters
– These games contain patterns that must be
understood, memorized, and applied repeatedly „There
are hundreds of these patterns

Becoming a Software Designer
Master

First learn the rules –
e.g., the algorithms, data structures and
languages of software „
Then learn the principles –
e.g., structured programming, modular
programming, object oriented programming,
generic programming, etc. „
However, to truly master software
design, one must study the designs of
other masters –
These designs contain patterns must be
understood, memorized, and applied repeatedly „

Design Patterns
Design patterns are solutions to software
design problems you find again and again in
real-world application development. Patterns
are about reusable designs and interactions of
objects..

The 23 Gang of Four (GoF) patterns are
generally considered the foundation for all other
patterns. They are categorized in three groups:
 Creational,
 Structural, and
 Behavioral

Creational Patterns
Abstract
Factory
Creates an instance of several families of classes
Builder Separates object construction from its representation
Factory
Method
Creates an instance of several derived classes
Prototype A fully initialized instance to be copied or cloned
Singleton A class of which only a single instance can exist

Structural Patterns
Adapter Match interfaces of different classes
Bridge Separates an object’s interface from its implementation
Composite A tree structure of simple and composite objects
Decorator Add responsibilities to objects dynamically
Facade A single class that represents an entire subsystem
Flyweight A fine-grained instance used for efficient sharing
Proxy An object representing another object

Behavioral Patterns
Chain of
Resp.
A way of passing a request between a chain of objects
Command Encapsulate a command request as an object
Interpreter A way to include language elements in a program
Iterator Sequentially access the elements of a collection
Mediator Defines simplified communication between classes
Memento Capture and restore an object's internal state
Observer A way of notifying change to a number of classes
State Alter an object's behavior when its state changes
Strategy Encapsulates an algorithm inside a class
Template
Method
Defer the exact steps of an algorithm to a subclass
Visitor Defines a new operation to a class without change

The Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern separates an
application into three main components: the model, the view, and the
controller.
The ASP.NET MVC framework provides an alternative to the ASP.NET Web
Forms pattern for creating Web applications.

The MVC Pattern
13
 Model–view–controller (MVC) is a software
architecture pattern
 Originally formulated in the late 1970s by
Trygve Reenskaug as part of the Smalltalk
 Code reusability and separation of concerns
 Originally developed for
desktop, then adapted
for internet applications

http://heim.ifi.uio.no/~trygver/2007/MVC_Originals.pdf

Model
16
 Set of classes that describes the data we are
working with as well as the business
 Rules for how the data can be
changed and manipulated
 May contain data validation rules
 Often encapsulate data stored in a database as
well as code used to manipulate the data
 Most likely a Data Access Layer of some kind
 Apart from giving the data objects, it doesn't have
significance in the framework

View
17
 Defines how the application’s user interface
(UI) will be displayed
 May support master views (layouts) and sub-
views (partial views or controls)
 Web: Template to dynamically generate HTML
 Controlled by View Engines

Controller
18
 The core MVC component
 Process the requests with the help of views and
models
 A set of classes that handles
 Communication from the user
 Overall application flow
 Application-specific logic
 Every controller has one or more "Actions"

MVC Steps
19
 Incoming request routed to Controller
For web: HTTP request
 Controller processes request and creates
presentation Model
Controller also selects appropriate result
(view)
 Model is passed to View
 View transforms Model into appropriate output
format (HTML)
 Response is rendered (HTTP Response)

Request Flow
Request View Controller Model
HTTP
Select
ViewHTML
Routing
Select Controller

Stage Details
Receive first request for
the application
In the Global.asax file, Route objects are added to
the RouteTable object.
Perform routing The UrlRoutingModule module uses the first
matching Route object in theRouteTable collection to
create the RouteData object, which it then uses to create
aRequestContext (IHttpContext) object.
Create MVC request
handler
The MvcRouteHandler object creates an instance of
the MvcHandler class and passes it
the RequestContext instance.
Create controller The MvcHandler object uses
the RequestContext instance to identify
theIControllerFactory object (typically an instance of
the DefaultControllerFactoryclass) to create the
controller instance with.
Execute controller The MvcHandler instance calls the controller
s Execute method.
Invoke action Most controllers inherit from the Controller base class.
For controllers that do so,
theControllerActionInvoker object that is associated
with the controller determines which action method of the
controller class to call, and then calls that method.
Execute result A typical action method might receive user input, prepare
the appropriate response data, and then execute the
result by returning a result type. The built-in result types
that can be executed include the
following: ViewResult (which renders a view and is the
most-often used result
type), RedirectToRouteResult, RedirectResult,Content

MVC Frameworks
26
 CakePHP (PHP)
 CodeIgniter (PHP)
 Spring (Java)
 Perl: Catalyst, Dancer
 Python: Django, Flask, Grok
 Ruby: Ruby on Rails, Camping, Nitro, Sinatra
 JavaScript: AngularJS, JavaScriptMVC, Spine
 ASP.NET MVC (.NET Framework)

ASP.NET Web Forms
 Stable and mature, supported by heaps of
third party controls and tools
 Event driven web development
 Postbacks
 Viewstate
 Less control over the HTML
 Hard to test
 Rapid development

ASP.NET MVC
28
 Runs on top of ASP.NET
 Not a replacement for WebForms
 Leverage the benefits of ASP.NET
 Embrace the web
 User/SEO friendly URLs, HTML 5, SPA
 Adopt REST concepts
 Uses MVC pattern
 Conventions and Guidance
 Separation of concerns

ASP.NET MVC (2)
29
 Tight control over markup
 Testable
 Loosely coupled and extensible
 Convention over configuration
 Razor view engine
 One of the greatest view engines
 With intellisense, integrated in Visual Studio
 Reuse of current skills (C#, LINQ, HTML, etc.)
 Application-based (not scripts like PHP)

Separation of Concerns
30
 Each component has one responsibility
 SRP – Single Responsibility Principle
 DRY – Don’t Repeat Yourself
 More easily testable
 TDD – Test-driven development
 Helps with concurrent development
 Performing tasks concurrently
 One developer works on views
 Another works on controllers

Extensible
31
 Replace any component of the system
 Interface-based architecture
 Almost anything can be replaced or extended
 Model binders (request data to CLR objects)
 Action/result filters (e.g. OnActionExecuting)
 Custom action result types
 View engine (Razor, WebForms, NHaml, Spark)
 View helpers (HTML, AJAX, URL, etc.)
 Custom data providers (ADO.NET), etc.

Clean URLs
32
 REST-like
 /products/update
 /blog/posts/2013/01/28/mvc-is-cool
 Friendlier to humans
 /product.aspx?catId=123 or post.php?id=123
 Becomes /products/chocolate/
 Friendlier to web crawlers
 Search engine optimization (SEO)

ASP.NET Web Forms ASP.NET MVC
Asp.Net Web Form follow a traditional event
driven development model.
Asp.Net MVC is a lightweight and follow MVC
(Model, View, Controller) pattern based
development model.
Asp.Net Web Form has server controls. Asp.Net MVC has html helpers.
Asp.Net Web Form supports view state for
state management at client side.
Asp.Net MVC does not support view state.
Asp.Net Web Form has file-based URLs means
file name exist in the URLs must have its
physically existence.
Asp.Net MVC has route-based URLs means
URLs are divided into controllers and actions
and moreover it is based on controller not on
physical file.
Asp.Net Web Form follows Web Forms Syntax
Asp.Net MVC follow customizable syntax
(Razor as default)
In Asp.Net Web Form, Web Forms(ASPX) i.e.
views are tightly coupled to Code
behind(ASPX.CS) i.e. logic.
In Asp.Net MVC, Views and logic are kept
separately.
Asp.Net Web Form has Master Pages for
consistent look and feels.
Asp.Net MVC has Layouts for consistent look
and feels.
Asp.Net Web Form has User Controls for code
re-usability.
Asp.Net MVC has Partial Views for code re-
usability.
Asp.Net Web Form has built-in data controls
and best for rapid development with powerful
data access.
Asp.Net MVC is lightweight, provide full control
over markup and support many features that
allow fast & agile development. Hence it is best
for developing interactive web application with
latest web standards.
Asp.Net Web Form is not Open Source. Asp.Net Web MVC is an Open Source.

Date Version
10 December 2007 ASP.NET MVC
13 March 2009 ASP.NET MVC 1.0
16 December 2009 ASP.NET MVC 2 RC
4 February 2010 ASP.NET MVC 2 RC 2
10 March 2010 ASP.NET MVC 2
6 October 2010 ASP.NET MVC 3 Beta
9 November 2010 ASP.NET MVC 3 RC
10 December 2010 ASP.NET MVC 3 RC 2
13 January 2011 ASP.NET MVC 3
20 September 2011
ASP.NET MVC 4 Developer
Preview
15 February 2012 ASP.NET MVC 4 Beta
31 May 2012 ASP.NET MVC 4 RC
15 August 2012 ASP.NET MVC 4
30 May 2013 ASP.NET MVC 4 4.0.30506.0
26 June 2013 ASP.NET MVC 5 Preview
23 August 2013 ASP.NET MVC 5 RC 1
17 October 2013 ASP.NET MVC 5
17 January 2014 ASP.NET MVC 5.1
10 February 2014 ASP.NET MVC 5.1.1
4 April 2014 ASP.NET MVC 5.1.2
22 June 2014 ASP.NET MVC 5.1.3

The Technologies
36
 Technologies that ASP.NET MVC uses
 C# (OOP, Unit Testing, async, etc.)
 HTML(5) and CSS
 JavaScript (jQuery, KendoUI, etc.)
 AJAX, Single-page apps
 Databases (MS SQL)
 ORM (Entity Framework and LINQ)
 Web and HTTP

The Tools
 Tools that we need:
 IDE: Visual Studio 2012 (Express for Web)
 JustCode and Web Essentals
 Framework: .NET Framework 4.5
 Web server: IIS 8 (Express)
 Data: Microsoft SQL Sever (Express or LocalDB)
 Web Platform Installer 4.0 will install
everything we need for us
 microsoft.com/web/downloads/platform.aspx
 Install Visual Studio Express 2012 for Web

NuGet package management
38
 Free, open source package management
 Makes it easy to install and update open
source libraries and tools
 Part of Visual Studio 2012
 Configurable package sources
 Simple as adding a reference
 GUI-based package installer
 Package manager console

What’s New in MVC 4 ?
 ASP.NET Web API
 Refreshed and modernized default project
templates
 New mobile project template
 Many new features to support mobile apps
 Enhanced support for asynchronous methods

What’s New in MVC 5 ?
 Attribute routing improvements
 Bootstrap support for editor templates
 Enum support in views
 Unobtrusive validation for
MinLength/MaxLength Attributes
 Supporting the ‘this’ context in Unobtrusive
Ajax

What’s new in MVC 6
Rebuilt from the Ground Up
 MVC, Web API, and Web Pages are merged into
one framework, called MVC 6. The new
framework uses a common set of abstractions for
routing, action selection, filters, model binding,
and so on.
 Dependency injection is built into the framework.
Use your preferred IoC container to register
dependencies.
 vNext is host agnostic. You can host your app in
IIS, or self-host in a custom process. (Web API 2
and SignalR 2 already support self-hosting; vNext
brings this same capability to MVC.)
 vNext is open source and cross platform.

Leaner, Faster
 MVC 6 has no dependency on System.Web.dll. The result is
a leaner framework, with faster startup time and lower
memory consumption.
 vNext apps can use a cloud-optimized runtime and subset of
the .NET Framework. This subset of the framework is about
11 megabytes in size compared to 200 megabytes for the full
framework, and is composed of a collection of NuGet
packages.
 Because the cloud-optimized framework is a collection of
NuGet packages, your app can include only the packages
you actually need. No unnecessary memory, disk space,
loading time, etc.
 Microsoft can deliver updates to the framework on a faster
cadence, because each part can be updated independently.

True Side-by-Side Deployment
 The reduced footprint of the cloud-optimized
runtime makes it practical to deploy the framework
with your app.
 You can run apps side-by-side with different
versions of the framework on the same server.
 Your apps are insulated from framework changes
on the server.
 You can make framework updates for each app on
its own schedule.
 No errors when you deploy to production resulting
from a mismatch between the framework patch
level on the development machine and the
production server.

New Development Experience
 vNext uses the Roslyn compiler to compile
code dynamically.
 You can edit a code file, refresh the browser,
and see the changes without rebuilding the
project.
 Besides streamlining the development
process, dynamic code compilation enables
development scenarios that were not possible
before, such as editing code on the server
using Visual Studio Online (“Monaco”).
 You can choose your own editors and tools.

The ASP.NET MVC framework supports
four different types of filters:
 Authorization filters – Implements
the IAuthorizationFilter attribute.
 Action filters – Implements
the IActionFilter attribute.
 Result filters – Implements
the IResultFilter attribute.
 Exception filters – Implements
the IExceptionFilter attribute.

MVC 6 Introduction

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