Linux interview questions-ppt

Introduction
The interviews for developers often include questions on the basics of the Linux
and other Unix based operating systems. Others who have interviewed for
various posts usually document these questions. The answers might vary from
person to person but the concept remains the same and this can only be
understood when the person is clear on the basics of Linux.
Linux is quite different from Windows but it has a wide
acceptance in some fields. Since it is open source software operating system,
Linux is basically free and is used as a cross-platform operating system, which
can easily be installed in PCs, laptops, video game consoles and more. This is
what opens up many applications for Linux and thus a demand for talented
and knowledgeable professionals who are aware of the field they are working
in. You will know a lot of the answers to the given questions if you have worked
with the OS for a long time.
Linux Interview questions

What are the Linux boot files?
The Linux boot files are the configuration files, which are accessed and called
during the system booting operation. The usage of this /boot/directory is
standardized in the File System Hierarchy as it holds all the files used in booting
the system- it is the first file to be called during the system boot. It usually
contains Linux kernel files or boot loader files.

What does grep command do?
Searching for a pattern in a line or a file is fairly easy with the grep command.
This command is executed when a particular pattern of characters must be
searched. The grep filter searches one or more files as per the user command
to search text strings using any expression.

Compare Linux with Windows?
Here are some of the differences between Linux and windows:
Linux
Linux is open source; the complete source code for Linux is available.
Linux is the GPL-licensed operating system, you are free to modify that
software and use and even republish or sell it.
Download once and install it on as many PC you want.
Online peer support from the community via forums and online
search.
Windows
Source code for windows is not available.
You can modify or redistribute Window operating system.
In Windows, you are bounded to use one license in One PC only. If you
have to install it on other PC you need another License.
Paid to help desk support.

What is a kernel?
The kernel is the core of any operating system. Kernel acts as a
middleman between computer hardware and operating system and
controls everything on a computer. It is the first program that is
loaded when a system starts.

Please Explain LILO?
LILO comes from Linux Loader, which is a small program that manages
dual boot and is, thus, also called as the boot loader. It was practically
the default boot loader for quite a number of Linux distributions
succeeding the fame achieved by loadlin. Although GRUB has grown
increasingly popular recently, LILO and ELILO are still used widely.

What is LD_LIBRARY_PATH?
LD_LIBRARY_PATH is an environment variable set of directories
separated by colons. This is where any library should be searched for
before accessing the standard set of directories for search. This is
especially useful when the user is using a non-standard or general
library for any special purposes or when a new library is being
debugged. A different library can be substituted for the execution of
this command particularly.

What is Samba? Why is it used?
Samba is software suite with open source. It runs on Linux OS and
Unix/Linux based platforms. It is a reimplementation of the Common
Internet File System (CIFS) and the more central Server Message Block
(SMB) protocol. It is the standard Windows interoperability suite, which
means that the software is able to communicate the programs of Linux
to the Windows clients just like a native application.

What is the difference between soft and hard
mounting points?
The NFS mount options basically define how a client should handle or
face a server crash or fail. In case of the soft mount, the client can report
an error without waiting for a response from the NFS server. But this
could also result in data corruption or data loss too. On the other hand,
in case of the hard mount, the NFS file system repeatedly contacts the
server until it receives a response. Once it reaches the server, the
program will continue execution from the same point where it was stuck
during the server crash.

List the basic components of Linux?
There are three basic components of Linux:
Kernel: This is the core part of the Linux OS.
System Libraries: These are special programs, functions or methods. The
application programs and system utilities access the features of the
kernel.
System utilities: These are programs, which are responsible for
accomplishing specialized tasks at the individual level.

What is the difference between Telnet and SSH?
SSH is basically a network protocol, which is used to remotely access
and manage any device distantly. The chief difference between SSH and
Telnet is that SSH makes use of encryption, which implies that the entire
data transmitted over a network is secure from snooping. Telnet is not
as secure though. Like Telnet, a user who wants to access a remote
device must install an SSH client.

Thank you
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