Cloud computing security from single to multiple

Cloud Computing
Security From Single to
Multi-Clouds

By
Kiran Kumar

ABSTRACT
• Dealing with “single cloud” providers is
predicted to become less popular with
customers due to risks of service availability
failure and the possibility of malicious insiders
in the single cloud.
• A movement towards “multi-clouds”, or in
other words, “interclouds” or “cloud-ofclouds” has emerged recently.

What is Cloud Computing ?
• Cloud computing is a model for enabling
ubiquitous(present), convenient, on-demand
network access to a shared pool of configurable
computing resources (e.g., networks, servers,
storage, applications, and services) that can be
rapidly provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider
interaction. This cloud model is composed of five
essential characteristics, three service models,
and four deployment models.

Moving to Clouds
• Data is moving to the cloud

• Main reason: costs (pay-per-use model)

EXISTING SYSTEM
• Cloud providers should address privacy and
security issues as a matter of high and urgent
priority. Dealing with “single cloud” providers
is becoming less popular with customers due
to potential problems such as service
availability failure and the possibility that
there are malicious insiders in the single
cloud.

DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING
SYSTEM
• Cloud providers should address privacy and
security issues as a matter of high and urgent
priority.
• Service availability failure and the possibility
that there are malicious insiders in the single
cloud.

PROPOSED SYSTEM
• This Project focuses on the issues related to
the data security aspect of cloud computing.
• Moving towards “Cloud of clouds “ or multi
clouds technique which improves
Better read performance
Data corruptions'
Reduces Intrusions ….etc

ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM
• Data Integrity
• Service Availability.
• The user runs custom applications using the
service provider’s resources
• Cloud service providers should ensure the
security of their customers’ data and should
be responsible if any security risk affects their
customers’ service infrastructure.

DepSKy System Model
The DepSky system model contains three
parts: readers, writers, and four cloud storage
providers, where readers and writers are the
client’s tasks.
Readers can fail arbitrarily (for example, they
can fail by crashing, they can fail from time to
time and then display any behavior) whereas,
writers only fail by crashing.

DepSky Design Principles
1. No trust on individual cloud providers
Distributed trust is built by using multiple clouds
2. Use storage clouds as they are
No server-side code on the replication protocols
3. Data is updatable
Replication protocols for consistency

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Processor
Speed
RAM
Hard Disk
Floppy Drive
Key Board
Monitor

-

Pentium –III
1.1 GHz
256 MB(min)
20 GB
1.44 MB
Standard Keyboard
SVGA

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
•
•
•
•
•
•

Operating System
Application Server
Front End
Script
Server side Script
Database

: Windows XP
: Tomcat5.0/6.X
: HTML, Java, JSP
: JavaScript.
: Java Server Pages.
: MYSQL

Implémentations
• Data Integrity
• Data Intrusion
• Service Availability

Data Integrity
• One of the most important issues related to
cloud security risks is data integrity. The data
stored in the cloud may suffer from damage
during transition operations from or to the
cloud storage provider.

Data Intrusion
• Another security risk that may occur with a cloud provider,
such as the Amazon cloud service, is a hacked password or
data intrusion.
• If someone gains access to an Amazon account password,
they will be able to access all of the account’s instances and
resources.
• Thus the stolen password allows the hacker to erase all the
information inside any virtual machine instance for the
stolen user account, modify it, or even disable its services.
Furthermore, there is a possibility for the user’s
email(Amazon user name) to be hacked, and since Amazon
allows a lost password to be reset by email, the hacker may
still be able to log in to the account after receiving the new
reset password.

Service Availability
• Another major concern in cloud services is service
availability.
• Amazon mentions in its licensing agreement that it is
possible that the service might be unavailable from
time to time.
• The user’s web service may terminate for any reason at
any time if any user’s files break the cloud storage
policy. In addition, if any damage occurs to any Amazon
web service and the service fails, in this case there will
be no charge to the Amazon Company for this failure.
Companies seeking to protect services from such
failure need measures such as backups or use of
multiple providers.

code #1 getting User Details
try {
conn = (Connection) DbConnector.getConnection();
sql = "select * from user where userid= '" + userid + "' and
password= '" + password+"'";
pst = (PreparedStatement) conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ResultSet rs = pst.executeQuery();
if (rs.next()) {
available = true;
} else {
available = false;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

code #2 for Encryption
public static String encryptString(String str,String key) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(str);
int lenStr = str.length();
int lenKey = key.length();
// For each character in our string, encrypt it...
for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < lenStr; i++, j++) {
if (j >= lenKey) {
j = 0; // Wrap 'round to beginning of key string.
}
// XOR the chars together. Must cast back to char to avoid compile
error.
sb.setCharAt(i, (char) (str.charAt(i) ^ key.charAt(j)));
}
return sb.toString();
}

code #3 for FileUpload
public synchronized boolean uploadFile(InputStream is) {
try {
BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
OutputStream os = m_client.getOutputStream();
BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(os);
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int readCount;
while ((readCount = bis.read(buffer)) > 0) {
bos.write(buffer, 0, readCount);
}
bos.close();
this.succMesg = "Uploaded!";
return true;
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}

code #4 for FileDownload
public synchronized boolean downloadFile(String localfilename) {
try {
InputStream is = m_client.getInputStream();
BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>>"+localfilename);
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(localfilename);
BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(os);
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int readCount;
while ((readCount = bis.read(buffer)) > 0) {
bos.write(buffer, 0, readCount);
}
bos.close();
is.close(); // close the FTP inputstream
this.succMesg = "Downloaded!";
return true;
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}

Class Diagram
File Upload

Registration
ID
OwnerID
Password
Gender
Mobile
EMail
Date

FileID
FileName
FileSize
FilePath
FileOwner
MetaData
KeyRequest
DownloadStatus
ModifyStatus
VerifyStatus

Loginidgenration()
CreateAccount()

metadatagenration()
fileupload()

File Download
FileID
FileName
FileSize
FilePath
FileOwner
MetaData
KeyRequest
VerifyStatus

comparemetadata()
fileupload()

Use Case Diagram

CLOUD
CREATION

CLOUD
MAINTENANCE

ADMIN
MEMBER
CREATION

FILE
UPLOAD

FILE
DOWNLOAD

USER

CLOUD
STATUS

REPORTS

Sequence Diagram
CLOUD
CREATION

CLOUD
MAINTAINANCE

Cloud
details

MEMBER
CREATION

FILE
UPLOAD

REPORTS

Credintials
File Details
File Report

Data Flow Diagram
LOGIN

ADMIN

USER

CLOUD CREATION

NEW?

CLOUD
MAINTENANCE

UPLOAD
DATA

MEMBER
CREATION

CLOUD
STATUS

REPORTS

REPORTS

CONCLUSION
• It is clear that although the use of cloud
computing has rapidly increased, cloud
computing security is still considered the
major issue in the cloud computing
environment. Customers do not want to lose
their private information as a result of
malicious insiders in the cloud. In addition, the
loss of service availability has caused many
problems for a large number of customers
recently

CONCLUSION (cont…)
• Furthermore, data intrusion leads to many
problems for the users of cloud computing.
• We support the migration to multi-clouds due
to its ability to decrease security risks that
affect the cloud computing user.

FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS
• For future work, we aim to provide a
framework to supply a secure cloud database
that will guarantee to prevent security risks
facing the cloud computing community.
• This framework will apply multi-clouds and
the secret sharing algorithm to reduce the risk
of data intrusion and the loss of service
availability in the cloud and ensure data
integrity.

FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS (cont…)
• In relation to data intrusion and data integrity,
assume we want to distribute the data into
three different cloud providers, and we apply
the secret sharing algorithm on the stored
data in the cloud provider.
• An intruder needs to retrieve at least three
values to be able to find out the real value
that we want to hide from the intruder.

REFERENCES
•

[1] (NIST), http://www.nist.gov/itl/cloud/.

•

[2] I. Abraham, G. Chockler, I. Keidar and D. Malkhi, "Byzantine disk paxos: optimal
resilience with Byzantine shared memory", Distributed Computing, 18(5), 2006, pp. 387408.

•

[3] H. Abu-Libdeh, L. Princehouse and H. Weatherspoon, "RACS: a case for cloud storage
diversity", SoCC'10:Proc. 1st ACM symposium on Cloud computing, 2010, pp. 229-240.

•

[4] D. Agrawal, A. El Abbadi, F. Emekci and A. Metwally, "Database Management as a
Service: Challenges and Opportunities", ICDE'09:Proc.25thIntl. Conf. on Data Engineering,
2009, pp. 1709-1716.

•

[5] M.A. AlZain and E. Pardede, "Using Multi Shares for Ensuring Privacy in Database-as-aService", 44th Hawaii Intl. Conf. on System Sciences (HICSS), 2011, pp. 1-9.

Cloud computing security from single to multiple

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Editor's Notes