Circuit ciphertext policy attribute-based hybrid encryption with verifiable
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The document proposes a scheme for circuit ciphertext-policy attribute-based hybrid encryption with verifiable delegation in cloud computing. It aims to ensure data confidentiality, fine-grained access control, and verifiability of delegated computation results. The scheme uses a combination of ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption, symmetric encryption, and verifiable computation. It is proven secure based on computational assumptions and simulations show it is practical for cloud computing applications.
![Head office: 3nd floor, Krishna Reddy Buildings, OPP: ICICI ATM, Ramalingapuram, Nellore
www.pvrtechnology.com, E-Mail: pvrieeeprojects@gmail.com, Ph: 81432 71457
f∗ , where it wishes to be challenged. • Setup. The simulator runs the Setup
algorithm and gives the public parameters PK to the adversary. • KeyGen
Queries I. The adversary makes repeated private key queries corresponding to
the sets of attributes x1, ..., xq1 . We require that ∀i ∈ q1 we have f∗ (xi) = 0.
Encrypt. The simulator encrypts K0 under the structure f∗, random chooses K1
from key space and flips a random coin b. Then the simulator sends Kb and the
ciphertext CK∗ to the adversary. • KeyGen Queries II. The adversary makes
repeated private key queries corresponding to the sets of attributes xq1 , ..., xq
where f∗(x) = 0. • Guess. The adversary outputs a guess b′ of b. We define the
advantage of an adversary A in this game is Pr[b′ = b] − 1 2 . Then a KEM
scheme is secure against selective chosen plaintext attacks if the advantage is
negligible. The confidentiality property (indistinguishability of encryptions
under selective chosen ciphertext attacks (IND-CCA)) required for AE is
captured by the following games against adversary A. Game.AE • Init. The
adversary submits two equal length messages M0 and M1. • Setup. The
simulator runs the Setup algorithm and generators the symmetric key KAE. •
Encrypt. The simulator flips a random coin b, encrypts Mb under the symmetric
key KAE, generates the ciphertext C∗ and gives it to the adversary. • Decrypt
Queries. The adversary makes repeated decryption queries. When the given
ciphertext C ̸= C∗, the simulator will return DKAE(C) and σKAE(C) to the
adversary.
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Circuit ciphertext policy attribute-based hybrid encryption with verifiable
- 1. Head office: 3nd floor, Krishna Reddy Buildings, OPP: ICICI ATM, Ramalingapuram, Nellore www.pvrtechnology.com, E-Mail: pvrieeeprojects@gmail.com, Ph: 81432 71457 Circuit Ciphertext-policy Attribute-based Hybrid Encryption with Verifiable Delegation in Cloud Computing ABSTRACT In the cloud, for achieving access control and keeping data confidential, the data owners could adopt attribute-based encryption to encrypt the stored data. Users with limited computing power are however more likely to delegate the mask of the decryption task to the cloud servers to reduce the computing cost. As a result, attribute-based encryption with delegation emerges. Still, there are caveats and questions remaining in the previous relevant works. For instance, during the delegation, the cloud servers could tamper or replace the delegated ciphertext and respond a forged computing result with malicious intent. They may also cheat the eligible users by responding them that they are ineligible for the purpose of cost saving. Furthermore, during the encryption, the access policies may not be flexible enough as well. Since policy for general circuits enables to achieve the strongest form of access control, a construction for realizing circuit ciphertext-policy attribute-based hybrid encryption with verifiable delegation has been considered in our work. In such a system, combined with verifiable computation and encrypt- then-mac mechanism, the data confidentiality, the fine-grained access control and the correctness of the delegated computing results are well guaranteed at the same time. Besides, our scheme achieves security against chosen-plaintext attacks under the k-multilinear Decisional Diffie-Hellman assumption. Moreover, an extensive
- 2. Head office: 3nd floor, Krishna Reddy Buildings, OPP: ICICI ATM, Ramalingapuram, Nellore www.pvrtechnology.com, E-Mail: pvrieeeprojects@gmail.com, Ph: 81432 71457 simulation campaign confirms the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed solution. Existing System: The cloud servers could tamper or replace the delegated ciphertext and respond a forged computing result with malicious intent. They may also cheat the eligible users by responding them that they are ineligible for the purpose of cost saving. Furthermore, during the encryption, the access policies may not be flexible enough as well. Proposed System proposed scheme is proven to be secure based on k-multilinear Decisional Diffie- Hellman assumption. On the other hand, we implement our scheme over the integers. The costs of the computation and communication consumption show that the scheme is practical in the cloud computing. Thus, we could apply it to ensure the data confidentiality, the fine-grained access control and the verifiable delegation in cloud.Since policy for general circuits enables to achieve the strongest form of access control, a construction for realizing circuitciphertext-policy attribute-based hybrid encryption with verifiable delegation has been considered in our work. In such a system, combined with verifiable computation and encrypt-then-mac mechanism, the data confidentiality, the fine-grained access controland the correctness of the delegated computing results are well guaranteed at the same time. Besides, our scheme achieves
- 3. Head office: 3nd floor, Krishna Reddy Buildings, OPP: ICICI ATM, Ramalingapuram, Nellore www.pvrtechnology.com, E-Mail: pvrieeeprojects@gmail.com, Ph: 81432 71457 security against chosen-plaintext attacks under the k-multilinear Decisional Diffie- Hellman assumption MODULES Architecture:
- 4. Head office: 3nd floor, Krishna Reddy Buildings, OPP: ICICI ATM, Ramalingapuram, Nellore www.pvrtechnology.com, E-Mail: pvrieeeprojects@gmail.com, Ph: 81432 71457 MODULES Cloud Storage Security Model Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption Hybrid encryption Email Authentication: Cloud Storage Cloud storage is a model of data storage where the digital data is stored in logical pools, the physical storage spans multiple servers (and often locations), and the physical environment is typically owned and managed by a hosting company. These cloud storage providers are responsible for keeping the data available and accessible, and the physical environment protected and running. People and organizations buy or lease storage capacity from the providers to store end user, organization, or application data. Security Model Since we use key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) and authenticated encryption (AE) to build our hybrid VD-CPABE scheme, we describe the security definition separately at first. The confidentiality property (indistinguishability of encryptions under selective chosen plaintext attacks (IND-CPA)) required for KEM is captured by the following games against adversary A. Game.KEM • Init. The adversary gives a challenge access structure
- 5. Head office: 3nd floor, Krishna Reddy Buildings, OPP: ICICI ATM, Ramalingapuram, Nellore www.pvrtechnology.com, E-Mail: pvrieeeprojects@gmail.com, Ph: 81432 71457 f∗ , where it wishes to be challenged. • Setup. The simulator runs the Setup algorithm and gives the public parameters PK to the adversary. • KeyGen Queries I. The adversary makes repeated private key queries corresponding to the sets of attributes x1, ..., xq1 . We require that ∀i ∈ q1 we have f∗ (xi) = 0. Encrypt. The simulator encrypts K0 under the structure f∗, random chooses K1 from key space and flips a random coin b. Then the simulator sends Kb and the ciphertext CK∗ to the adversary. • KeyGen Queries II. The adversary makes repeated private key queries corresponding to the sets of attributes xq1 , ..., xq where f∗(x) = 0. • Guess. The adversary outputs a guess b′ of b. We define the advantage of an adversary A in this game is Pr[b′ = b] − 1 2 . Then a KEM scheme is secure against selective chosen plaintext attacks if the advantage is negligible. The confidentiality property (indistinguishability of encryptions under selective chosen ciphertext attacks (IND-CCA)) required for AE is captured by the following games against adversary A. Game.AE • Init. The adversary submits two equal length messages M0 and M1. • Setup. The simulator runs the Setup algorithm and generators the symmetric key KAE. • Encrypt. The simulator flips a random coin b, encrypts Mb under the symmetric key KAE, generates the ciphertext C∗ and gives it to the adversary. • Decrypt Queries. The adversary makes repeated decryption queries. When the given ciphertext C ̸= C∗, the simulator will return DKAE(C) and σKAE(C) to the adversary. Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption
- 6. Head office: 3nd floor, Krishna Reddy Buildings, OPP: ICICI ATM, Ramalingapuram, Nellore www.pvrtechnology.com, E-Mail: pvrieeeprojects@gmail.com, Ph: 81432 71457 In this section, we present the definition and security model of our hybrid VD- CPABE. In such a system, a circuit ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption scheme, a symmetric encryption scheme and an encrypt-then-mac mechanism are applied to ensure the confidentiality, the fine-grained access control and the verifiable delegation A hybrid VD-CPABE scheme is defined by a tuple of algorithms (Setup, Hybrid- Encrypt, Key- Gen, Transform, Verify-Decrypt). The description of each algorithm is as follows. • Setup(λ, n, l). Executed by the authority, this algorithm takes as input a security parameter λ, the number of attributes n and the maximum depth l of a circuit. It outputs the public parameters PK and a master key MK which is kept secret. more information. This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI 10.1109/TPDS.2015.2392752, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems XU et al.: circuit ciphertext-policy attribute-based hybrid encryption with verifiable delegation in cloud computing 5 • Hybrid-Encrypt(PK,M, f). This algorithm is executed by the data owner. It could be conveniently divided into two parts: key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) and authenticated symmetric encryption (AE). – The KEM algorithm takes as input the public parameters PK and an access structure f for circuit. It computes the complement circuit f and chooses a random string R. Then it generates KM = {dkm, vkm}, KR = {dkr, vkr} and the CP-ABE ciphertext (CKM,CKR). – The AE algorithm takes as input a message M, the random string R, the symmetric key
- 7. Head office: 3nd floor, Krishna Reddy Buildings, OPP: ICICI ATM, Ramalingapuram, Nellore www.pvrtechnology.com, E-Mail: pvrieeeprojects@gmail.com, Ph: 81432 71457 Hybrid encryption Hybrid encryption. Cramer and Shoup proposed the generic KEM/DEM construction for hybrid encryption which can encrypt messages of arbitrary length. Based on their ingenious work, a one-time MAC were combined with symmetric encryption to develop the KEM/DEM model for hybrid encryption Such improved model has the advantage of achieving higher security requirements. ABE with Verifiable Delegation. Since the introduction of ABE, there have been advances in multiple directions. The application of outsourcing computation is one of an important direction. Green etaldesigned the first ABE with outsourced decryption scheme to reduce the computation cost during decryption. After that, Lai et al. proposed the definition of ABE with verifiable outsourced decryption. They seek to guarantee the correctness of the original ciphertext by using a commitment. However, since the data owner generates a commitment without any secret value about his identity, the untrusted server can then forge a commitment for a message he chooses. Thus the ciphertext relating to the message is at risk of being tampered. Further more, just modify the commitments for the ciphertext relating to the message is not enough. The cloud server can deceive the user with proper permissions by responding the terminator ⊥ to cheat that he/she is not allowed toaccess to the data. Email Authentication:
- 8. Head office: 3nd floor, Krishna Reddy Buildings, OPP: ICICI ATM, Ramalingapuram, Nellore www.pvrtechnology.com, E-Mail: pvrieeeprojects@gmail.com, Ph: 81432 71457 Email authentication is a collection of techniques aimed at equipping messages of the email transport system with verifiable information. It is a coarse-grained authentication, usually at Administrative Management Domain (ADMD) level, and implies no sort of authorization. That is, the purpose of email authentication is to validate the identities of the parties who participated in transferring a message, as they can modify the message. The results of such validation can then be used in delivery decisions, which are beyond the scope of email authentication proper, and are quite different in nature from If you're receiving mail Recipients can use authentication to verify the source of an incoming message and avoid phishing scams. For example, if you see messages claiming to be from google.com, but are not properly authenticated as coming from google.com, these are phishing messages. You should not enter or send any personal information. Remember, Google will never ask you to send personal information
- 9. Head office: 3nd floor, Krishna Reddy Buildings, OPP: ICICI ATM, Ramalingapuram, Nellore www.pvrtechnology.com, E-Mail: pvrieeeprojects@gmail.com, Ph: 81432 71457 System Configuration: HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: Hardware -Pentium Speed - 1.1 GHz RAM - 1GB Hard Disk - 20 GB Floppy Drive - 1.44 MB Key Board - Standard Windows Keyboard Mouse - Two or Three Button Mouse Monitor - SVGA SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS: Operating System : Windows Technology : Java and J2EE Web Technologies : Html, JavaScript, CSS IDE : My Eclipse Web Server : Tomcat Tool kit : Android Phone
- 10. Head office: 3nd floor, Krishna Reddy Buildings, OPP: ICICI ATM, Ramalingapuram, Nellore www.pvrtechnology.com, E-Mail: pvrieeeprojects@gmail.com, Ph: 81432 71457 Database : My SQL Java Version : J2SDK1.5