Choosing a Web Architecture for Perl

Mar 3, 2012Download as odp, pdf0 likes8,240 views

This talk was presented at OSCON 2009 and YAPC::NA 2009. The choices discussed here are still relevant, although Plack has opened up some new options. For a more up-to-date take on this material I would recommend Tatsuhiko Miyagawa's most recent Plack/PSGI talks.

Choosing a Web Architecture for Perl Perrin Harkins We Also Walk Dogs

This used to be an easy decision Netscape, or Apache for you hippies

Server-side development matured, and it stayed easy Apache became the standard web server

FastCGI was looking peaky Outside of Amazon's reality distortion field anyway

Then two things happened Ruby came along Renewed interest in FastCGI

Thanks, Ruby! Non-blocking I/O became fashionable Memcached

Now we have many choices Web servers Apache

FastCGI Many implementations for different servers

Daemons are managed by the web server or an external process

Has hooks for auth, logging, and filtering, but not always implemented and rarely used

HTTP Reverse proxy forwards HTTP requests to apache/mod_perl backend

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Choosing a Web Architecture for Perl

1. Choosing a Web Architecture for Perl Perrin Harkins We Also Walk Dogs

2. This used to be an easy decision Netscape, or Apache for you hippies

3. CGI, or NSAPI if you enjoy core dumps

4. Server-side development matured, and it stayed easy Apache became the standard web server

5. mod_perl became the way to run Perl

6. FastCGI was looking peaky Outside of Amazon's reality distortion field anyway

7. Then two things happened Ruby came along Renewed interest in FastCGI

8. Thanks, Ruby! Non-blocking I/O became fashionable Memcached

9. Lighttpd

10. Nginx

11. Now we have many choices Web servers Apache

12. Lighttpd

13. Nginx

14. Squid

15. Perlbal

16. Varnish Protocols FastCGI

17. HTTP

18. SCGI

19. FastCGI Many implementations for different servers

20. Daemons are managed by the web server or an external process

21. Has hooks for auth, logging, and filtering, but not always implemented and rarely used

22. HTTP Reverse proxy forwards HTTP requests to apache/mod_perl backend

23. SCGI ”Simple CGI”

24. Stealing good ideas from Python

25. Simpler than FastCGI, so theoretically could be faster

26. The graveyard of alternative Perl daemons SpeedyCGI

27. PersistentPerl

28. Both replace the #! line and daemonize your program

29. Biases Long-time mod_perl contributor

30. Member of Apache Software Foundation Don't believe a word I say!

31. Apache 2.2 mod_proxy + mod_perl Frontend apache runs threaded worker MPM

32. Backend apache runs prefork MPM

33. All popular apache modules (mod_ssl, mod_rewrite, mod_security, mod_deflate, caching, auth) are available

34. mod_proxy_balancer provides load balancing

35. Apache 2.2 mod_fastcgi Frontend runs threaded worker MPM

36. As with mod_proxy, all popular apache modules are available

37. Three poorly-named configurations: ”Static” starts a set number of procs at server startup

38. ”Dynamic” starts a new proc every time it gets a request up to a configured limit

39. ”Standalone” sends requests to daemon you start

40. Apache 2.2 mod_fastcgi Can run separate versions of same package name in separate daemons True for mod_perl too if you run multiple backends, but less obvious Seamless restart for code upgrades in standalone mode Start a new set of procs on same socket and shut down the old ones

41. Could get close with two mod_perl backends, but not simple

42. Lighttpd mod_fastcgi Non-blocking I/O server

43. Supports static and standalone FastCGI

44. Supports Authorizer role

45. Solid selection of modules with equivalents of most popular apache ones

46. Same restart advantages as FastCGI on Apache

47. Load balancing across FastCGI daemons

48. Lighttpd mod_scgi Same Lighttpd, different protocol

49. Sketchy docs

50. nginx FastCGI Another non-blocking I/O server

51. Supports standalone FastCGI only

52. Does not support Authorizer role

53. Good module selection

54. Same restart advantages

55. nginx proxy + mod_perl Load balancing

56. What about running naked mod_perl? Static requests

57. Buffering for slow clients

58. Keep-Alive

59. Benchmark methodology Very simple Catalyst app Sleeps for 0.1 seconds

60. Returns 35K of HTML (perl.com homepage) Brief run of ab (Apache Bench) with intended concurrency to warm up server

61. ab tests at concurrency of 10, 50, 150, 200

62. General findings FastCGI static mode is difficult to use with apache/mod_fastcgi Trial and error to find magic number

63. Worked better with Lighttpd FastCGI standalone mode is unusable on Lighttpd Load balancing feature marks daemons as down if they're too busy to answer right away and rejects requests SCGI Perl implementations incomplete

64. Benchmark results

65. Not really apples to apples mod_perl does other things

66. Filters on non-perl content (PHP, etc.)

67. Customize server and request phases

68. Replace HTTP with your own protocol Apache 2 + mod_perl 2 is a server kit

69. Thanks! And please help me add more servers...

Choosing a Web Architecture for Perl

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