AWS Database Services

Databases Offering - AWS
• RDS or Relational Database Service: OLTP
SQL
Oracle
MySQL
PostgreSQL
Aurora
MariaDB
● Non-Relational Database Service : DynamoDB
Collection rather than Tables
Document rather than Rows
Key-Value pair rather than Fields
● RedShift: Data Warehousing for Business Intelligence using tools like Oracle Hyperion or SAP NetWeaver.
OLAP

Databases Offering - AWS
● Elasticache: In memory cache in the Cloud for improved Application performance.
Memcached
Redis
● Database Migration Service or DMS: Transformation, Compression and Parallel Processing.
● Encryption at rest is supported for MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server, PostgreSQL and MariaDB. Automated
Backups, Read Replicas and Snapshots are also encrypted once encryption is ON.
● Encryption done through AWS Key Management Service.
● Encrypting an Existing DB instance is not supported. (Accomplished Through Migration)

Advantages of using managed DB services
● Upgrades, backups and failover are provided as service
● Provides high infrastructure security
● You can easily automate
● Server maintenance is managed by AWS
● OS installation and patches are managed by AWS
● Database software patches and installation are managed

● Simple and fast to deploy and scale
● AWS handles installation, patching, automatic backups and replication
● Compatible with MySQL, MariaDB, Oracle, SQL Server, or PostgreSQL database
● Fast Performance
● No cost to get started. You pay only for what you consume
● Manages automatic failure detection and recovery
● RDS doesn't provide shell access to DB instances, and it restricts access to certain system
procedures and tables that require advanced privileges
● In addition to the security in your database package, you can help control who can access
your RDS databases by using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to define
users and permissions
● You can also help protect your databases by putting them in a virtual private cloud.
Amazon RDS

● Automated Backups: Recovery within Point-in-time upto a second within a “Retention Period” (1
to 35 days)
● Full Daily Snapshot with Transaction Logs in the defined period.
● Data restoration from the Most recent Daily Backup
● Enabled by Default.
● Snapshots: User initiated backups.
● Snapshots stored in S3.
● Snapshots are stored in S3 and hence can be restored even after deletion of RDS instance
unlike Automated Backup.
● Restored database is a new RDS instance with a new end point.
Database Backups

● Automatic Replication and sync.
● Fail-over by AWS
● No need to change endpoints.
● For Disaster Recovery and not to improve
performance.
● For Performance improvement use Read-
replicas.
● MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server, PostgreSQL,
Aurora and MariaDB
Multi - AZ

● Asynchronous Replication, creating an exact copy of Database which is READ only.
● Read-replica of replica can be created up to 5 copies for high performance applications and
automatic backups must be turned on to deploy a replica.
● Latency considerations.
● Performance Improvement for very read heavy database workloads.
● Supported for MySQL, PostgreSQL and MariaDB
● Used for Scaling and not for DR unlike Multi AZ’s.
● Each read replica has it’s own DNS and endpoint.
● Multi AZ read replica can be created.
● Read replica can be converted to be their own databases.
Read Replica

● NoSQL Database
● Supports Document and Key Value Data Models.
● Flexible Data Model - Document and Key Value
● Stored on SSD Storage
● Redundant across 3 Geographically distinct data centres and hence takes time to propagate.
● Eventual Consistent Reads (Default) : Consistent within 1 second
● Strongly Consistent Reads
● Dynamic field addition.
● Push button scaling without downtimes.
DynamoDB

● Fully Managed
● Fast, Consistent Performance
● Highly Scalable
● Flexible
● Event driven programming
● Fine grained access control
DynamoDB Benefits

● Data Warehouse service in the Cloud.
● Cost efficient and On Demand service.
● OLAP Database system
● Configuration: - Nodes
- Multinode
- Leader Node (for Client connections and receives queries)
- Compute Node (upto 128 Compute Nodes)
● Columnar Data Stored sequentially hence really fast.
● Massive Parallel Processing(MPP)
● Data encrypted in transit using SSL and at rest using AES-256 encryption.
● Available in 1 AZ.
Amazon Redshift

Elasticache
● In memory cache in the Cloud used to improve the performance of web applications.
● Used to improve latency and throughput for read heavy application workloads.
● Memcached: Memory Object Caching System. Elasticache is Protocol compliant with Memcached
● Redis: Open-source in-memory key-value store that supports data structures such as sorted sets and
lists.
● Elasticache supports Master/Slave replication and Multi AZ redundancy.
● Deploy, operate, and scale popular open source compatible in-memory data stores.
● Build data-intensive apps or improve the performance of your existing apps by retrieving data from high
throughput and low latency in-memory data stores.

Elasticache
● Extreme performance at cloud scale
● Fully managed
● Easy to deploy, use and monitor
● Enhanced Redis engine
● Redis Multi-AZ with automatic failover
● Open source compatible
● No cross AZ data transfer costs
● Popular for Gaming, Ad-Tech, Financial Services, Healthcare, and IoT apps

AWS Aurora
● MySQL and postgreSQL Compatible Relational Database Engine.
● Cost effective and high performance.
● Starts with 10 Gb, and then scales in 10 Gb increments through AutoScaling.
● Highly Redundant: 2 copies of data in each AZ with a minimum of 3 AZ.
● Auto repair for errors.
● Replicas: Aurora Replicas (15) and MySQL Read Replicas (5)

Amazon Neptune
● Fast, reliable, fully-managed graph database service that makes it easy to build and run applications
that work with highly connected datasets.
● High-performance graph database engine optimized for storing billions of relationships and querying
the graph with milliseconds latency.
● Neptune powers graph use cases such as social networking, recommendation engines, fraud
detection, knowledge graphs, drug discovery, and network security where you need to create
relationships between data and quickly query these relationships.
● For example, if you are building a social feed into your application, you can use Neptune to provide
results that prioritize showing your users the latest updates from their family, from friends whose
updates they ‘Like,’ and from friends who live close to them.
● Its is highly available, with read replicas, point-in-time recovery, continuous backup to Amazon S3, and
replication across Availability Zones.

AWS Database Services

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