Message-oriented middleware (MOM) facilitates asynchronous messaging between components. Common MOM implementations include Java Message Service (JMS), Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ), and IBM MQSeries. JMS supports publish-subscribe and point-to-point messaging models. MSMQ stores messages in queues managed by queue managers, while MQSeries uses objects like queue managers and queues that must be set up after installation. MOM plays an important role in enabling communication between distributed software systems.