Comment les stéréotypes et les préjugés dans la société contribuent-ils à l’inégalité sociale ?

Según la psicología social, el ser humano simplifica el mundo mediante estereotipos y prejuicios. La sociología señala que la categorización ayuda a crear identidades de grupo; identificando quienes pertenecen a un grupo y quienes no. El problema surge cuando estas categorizaciones niegan la individualidad de los miembros del grupo minoritario, dando lugar a actitudes discriminatorias basadas en creencias heredadas y limítrofes. Por ejemplo, algunos ultranacionalistas europeos ven el "europeísmo" como opuesto al Islam, asociándolo con terrorismo y autoritarismo. Este estereotipo puede llevar a la negación de derechos y libertades a los musulmanes en Europa, perpetuando las desigualdades sociales y la marginalización hacia este grupo.

Según mi experiencia en el ámbito laboral nunca he tenido problemas como personas trans en ninguno de los contratos laborales que he tenido. Si bien es cierto, que hay un alto índice de discriminación laboral hacia mi colectivo, reconozco que no ha sido mi caso y que la mayoría de personas que conozco no han tenido problemas por su identidad de genero. Aunque si conozco el caso de una mujer trans que sus compañeras no querían ducharse con ella y el jefe le obligo a ducharse 20 minutos después de ellas.

I personally think that sometimes it is very hard to get rid of our bias, especially if we do not understand something. As a social worker I do think that we need to really understand our scope, our beliefs, and our own personal experiences. It can be very hard to empathize and sympathize with someone if we have no personal experience with a situation. It's also very easy to assume we know someone, and should, especially with social media, realize that we don't always know the people we talk about or comment against. Getting outside of your state, but especially country is a huge way to unlearn bias' and immerse in cultures.

La categorización mediante prejuicios y estereotipos forma la identidad del grupo dominante en oposición al minoritario, siguiendo la lógica del “nosotros” vs. “ellos”. Esta caracterización no surge de la convivencia directa, sino de un aprendizaje social a través de discursos durante la socialización. Es crucial destacar que las élites simbólicas (empresarios, políticos, académicos, etc.) controlan la discusión pública, influyendo en la construcción de estereotipos. Exageran los elementos comunes entre "nosotros" y resaltan las diferencias con "ellos", usándolos como chivos expiatorios frente al descontento social. Este discurso legitima la marginalización de minorías en tiempos de escasez, contribuyendo a la desigualdad social.

If the word "privilege" makes you cringe, maybe examine studies more. When I was in a masters class for power, privilege and oppression, I knew that racism was real, but at times felt that individuals pulled the card. At times individuals do, but the class opened my eyes further and allowed me to have more empathy because the statistics were right there in my face. It's also important to realize that power dynamics and privilege are not just based off of one factor, and just because you have one privilege, does not mean you cannot succeed or didn't work for what you have, but rather simply acknowledging that in that category, you may have had it easier than others due to inequality.

En el imaginario social chileno la imagen del mapuche está lejos del heroico Lautaro, situándose más cercano al de un pueblo atrasado, flojo y borracho. Este estigma explica, en parte, que la Región de la Araucanía sea la más pobres del país, o que el déficit de acceso a servicios sanitarios básicos sea casi el doble entre indígena que entre no indígenas. Estas narrativas sobre cómo es el mapuche no solo los han relegado a la pobreza, sino que también los han dejado fuera del debate público. Es que es esta narrativa cultural la que nos ayuda a entender los fuertes cuestionamientos que hasta el día de hoy se le hacen a las capacidades de Elisa Loncon; mujer, mapuche, PhD y primera presidenta de la convención constitucional chilena del 2022.

Get out and explore the world. That is the greatest thing you can do. And don't do it just for vacation, but actually do some research. Look up their foods and customs and cultures. Try and learn their basic language. These gestures will enrich you but also will hopefully ensure that you're respectful of others in their home. Read about the history of others countries. Especially as an American, we come from all over, and some of us have amazing histories that help to explain how we became who we are and why those before us maybe acted the way they did.

Everyone's socialization process is different. I think we need to remember that when talking with others. Face to face is much better than through social media unless it's on a video platform. In that way, we can promote more understanding of one another. Often people will say "it's not my job to educate you", and while true, and some people aren't interested in learning, sometimes, they might listen, or be genuinely interested. But if we come at someone who asks a question, and assume they have negative intent, it will only push them further away from wanting to understand and learn.

In the us, it feels like there are very few institutions that genuinely want to help people. We need to promote more small businesses to overcome these monopolies. We also need to take a look at DEI. Diversity and equity inclusion shouldn't be forced, in my opinion, but it should be the standard. If you are working with certain populations, you need to realize that you need variety in order to connect with people but also have individuals who may understand them more or that they may just be more comfortable with. That is okay. Studies show the connection between having an individual who looks like you in these institutions encourages positive growth. We also need to make these jobs last longer. The burnout in helping professions is toohigh