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Web programming and services
- 2. • Web programming refers to the writing, markup and coding involved in Webdevelopment, which includes Web content, Web client and server scripting and network security. The most common languages used for Web programming are XML, HTML, JavaScript, Perl 5 and PHP
- 4. Important Languages • HTML, XML, and Java are three programming languages that are important tools for building multimedia Web pages, Web sites, and Web- based applications. • In addition ,XML and Java have become strategic components of the software technologies that support many Web services initiatives in business.
- 6. What is HTML? • HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages. • HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language • HTML describes the structure of Web pages using markup • HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages • HTML elements are represented by tags • HTML tags label pieces of content such as "heading", "paragraph", "table", and so on • Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use them to render the content of the page
- 7. Basic structure <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Page Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>My First Heading</h1> <p>My first paragraph.</p> </body> </html>
- 8. • The purpose of a web browser (Chrome, IE, Firefox, Safari) is to read HTML documents and display them. • The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses them to determine how to display the document
- 9. HTML Tags • HTML tags are element names surrounded by angle brackets • HTML tags normally come in pairs like <p> and </p> • The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag • The end tag is written like the start tag, but with a forward slash inserted before the tag name
- 11. What is XML? • XML stands for eXtensible Markup Language • XML is a markup language much like HTML • XML was designed to store and transport data • XML was designed to be self-descriptive • XML is a W3C Recommendation • XML are not predefined. User must define their own tags • It is used to exchange data or structure data
- 12. Example
- 13. Advantages • It simplifies data sharing • It simplifies data transport • It simplifies platform changes • It simplifies data availability
- 14. XML XML is not a Web page format description language like HTML. Instead, XML describes the contents of Web pages. For example a travel agency Web page with airline names and flight times would use hidden XML tags like “airline name” and “flight time” to categorize each of the airline flight times on that page.
- 15. Difference b/w HTML and XML
- 17. History • In 1991 java was developed by a team led by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems • Originally named Oak- Gosling liked the look of an oak tree that was outside his window at sun
- 18. Java • Java is an object-oriented programming language • Java is related to the C++ and C programming languages but is much simpler and more secure • It is computing-platform independent • Java applications consisting of small application programs, called applets , can be • executed by any computer
- 19. Features • Simple and secure • Portable (Machine independent) • Interpreted • Object oriented • Robust(handle any situation) • Multithreading( multiple simultaneous tasks ) • Supports automatic garbage collection • Automatic type checking • Documentation comment
- 20. How Java is different from C++ • Major difference is that C is a structure oriented language and Java is an object oriented language and has mechanism to define classes and objects • Java does not support an explicit pointer type • Java does not have preprocessor, so we cant use #define, #include • Java doesn’t support pointers to avoid unauthorized access of memory locations. • Java does not support operator over loading.
- 21. • Java does not support global variable • Java does not allow default arguments • In java objects are passed by reference only. In C++ objects may be passed by value or reference. • Java supports automatic garbage collection
- 24. What is .NET? • .NET is a framework • .NET is created by Microsoft that developers can use to create applications more easily • .NET is platform independent • .NET is language-insensitive • Possible to develop Windows Application, Web Application and Mobile Application • We can also make Desktop Application
- 25. .NET is a collection of languages
- 26. Features • Platform independent • Language independent • Garbage Collection • Object Oriented • Easy Database Connectivity • Zip facility • Secure
- 27. • NET are converted into MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) which contains Binary Codes • Command in the MSIL (Assembly Language) will be converted into executables on any operating system • We can use one language in another language in under .NET platform. For e.g. VB.NET in ASP.NET
- 29. Introduction to Web Services • Today, companies rely on thousands of different software applications each with their own role to play in running a business. These different software applications run on a wide range of different platforms and operating systems, and they are implemented in different programming languages. As a result, it is very difficult for different applications to communicate with one another and share their resources in a coordinated way
- 30. Web services “Service available on the internet” • Web services are application components • Web services communicate using open protocols • Web services can be used by other applications • XML is the basis for Web services
- 31. Example • In this example you are a “client” , kitchen is the “server” an the waiter is the “web services”
- 33. Working
- 34. Basic standards
- 36. Programming software “Programming software is a program or set of programs which helps the software developers by assisting them in creating, debugging and maintaining other programs and applications.”
- 37. • Programming software is a software which helps the programmer in developing other software. • Compilers, assemblers, debuggers, interpreters etc. are examples of programming software.
- 38. Programming software • Notepad++ • TextWrangler • Coda • Sublime Text • TextMate • Atom • BBEdit • UltraEdit • Vim • Brackets
- 40. Language Translator “Computer programs consist of sets of instructions written in programming languages that must be translated by a language translator into the computer’s own machine language before they can be processed, or executed, by the CPU”.
- 41. Types
- 42. Assembler
- 43. Compiler
- 45. Interpreter
- 47. Programming tool “A programming tool or software development tool is a computer program that software developers use to create, debug, maintain”
- 48. Generic Programming Tools • Source code editor • Debugger • Graphical interface builder (GUI designer)