Stack & Queue
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In this slide we learn how to use std::stack and std::queue from the C++ Standard Library to write more efficient code.
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Stack & Queue
- 1. Level up your coding skills with the C++ Standard Template Library (STL): Stack & Queue BY JOYJIT CHOUDHURY
- 2. Stack Stack is a container adapter that gives the programmer the functionality of a stack - specifically, a LIFO (Last-In, First–Out) data structure. A container adapter such as stack is implemented on top of an underlying container like list, deque or vector. Defined in the header <stack> Belongs to the namespace std (remember : using namespace std)
- 3. Constructing an empty stack myStack
- 5. Size of the stack Member function size(), returns the number of elements in the stack. myStack 34 21 13 myStack.size() = 3
- 6. Accessing the top myStack 34 21 13 Member function top(), returns a reference to the top element in the stack. So, not only can you access it, you can also modify it’s value. myStack 34 21 10myStack.top()
- 7. Pop Member function pop(), removes the top element of the stack. Effectively reducing the size of the stack by one. myStack 34 21 myStack 34 21 13 myStack.pop()
- 8. Whether the stack is empty or not? Member function empty() returns true if the stack is empty (i.e. stack size is 0), else returns false myStack myStack 34 21 13 myStack.empty()=true myStack.empty()=false
- 9. Queue Queue is a container adapter that gives the programmer the functionality of a queue - specifically, a FIFO (First-In, First–Out) data structure. Defined in the header <queue> Belongs to the namespace std (remember : using namespace std)
- 10. Constructing an empty queue myQ
- 11. Enqueue Member function push(), is used to enqueue elements to the back of the queue. myQ myQ myQ myQ 87 87 43 87 43 13
- 12. Accessing the elements front(), returns a reference to the first or the ‘oldest’ element in the queue. It the same element which is removed during the dequeue operation in a queue. back(), returns a reference to the the last or the ‘newest’ element in the queue. myQ 87 43 13 myQ.front() myQ.back()
- 13. Dequeue pop(), removes the first or the ‘oldest’ element in the queue. myQ 87 43 13 myQ 43 13 myQ 13
- 14. Size of the queue Member function size(), returns the number of elements in the queue. myQ myQ.size() = 0 myQ 87 43 13 myQ.size() = 3
- 15. Is the queue empty? Member function empty() returns true if the queue is empty (i.e. queue size is 0), else returns false myQ myQ.empty() = true myQ 23 30 99 myQ.size() = false
- 16. That’s not all. There are many other functions and techniques that could come in handy. Read about them on cplusplus.com or cppreference.com or somewhere else. Just google it !