SQL injection is a code injection technique that might destroy your database.
SQL injection is one of the most common web hacking techniques.
SQL injection is the placement of malicious code in SQL statements, via web page input.
SQL injection is a code injection technique, used to attack data-driven applications,
in which malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution.
This is a method to attack web applications that have a data repository.The
attacker would send a specially crafted SQL statement that is designed to cause
some malicious action.SQL injection is an attack technique that exploits a security
vulnerability occurring in the database layer of an application and a service. This
is most often found within web pages with dynamic content.
The document discusses SQL injection, including its types, methodology, attack queries, and prevention. SQL injection is a code injection technique where a hacker manipulates SQL commands to access a database and sensitive information. It can result in identity spoofing, modifying data, gaining administrative privileges, denial of service attacks, and more. The document outlines the steps of a SQL injection attack and types of queries used. Prevention methods include minimizing privileges, coding standards, and firewalls.
The slide consists of:
An explanation for SQL injections.
First order and second order SQL injections.
Methods: Normal and Blind SQL injections with examples.
Examples: Injection using true/false, drop table and update table commands.
Prevention using dynamic embedded SQL queries.
Conclusion and References.
The document discusses SQL injection attacks, including what SQL injection is, types of SQL injection attacks such as first and second order attacks, mechanisms for injection through user input or cookies, and techniques for preventing SQL injection like defensive coding practices and input validation. SQL injection is a code injection technique where malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution by the backend database, allowing attackers to view or manipulate restricted data in the database. The document provides examples of SQL injection and explores ways attackers can infer information and encode attacks despite prevention methods.
SQL injection is a technique where malicious users can inject SQL commands into a web page input to alter SQL statements and compromise security. Attackers can exploit SQL injection flaws using techniques like the union operator to combine queries, boolean logic to verify conditions, error-based attacks to retrieve information, and time delays to conditionally delay responses. Proper sanitization of user input is needed to prevent stored procedure injection and protect websites from SQL injection attacks.
This document discusses SQL injection and techniques to prevent it. SQL injection occurs when malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field to exploit vulnerabilities in the underlying database. Attackers can use SQL injection to bypass login screens or retrieve sensitive data. To prevent SQL injection, developers should escape special characters in user input before submitting queries, use prepared statements with bound parameters, and validate and sanitize all input. Input escaping involves using database-specific escape functions like mysql_real_escape_string() to avoid unintended SQL commands. Proper input validation and escaping helps prevent SQL injection attacks.
SQL injection is a type of security exploit in which the attacker adds SQL statements through a web application's input fields or hidden parameters to gain access to resources or make changes to data.
• What is SQL injection ?
• Why is it harmful?
• Types of SQL injection attacks.
• How to identify SQL injection vulnerability.
• Exploiting SQL injection.
• How to protect Web Application from SQL injection.
The document discusses SQL injection, which occurs when malicious SQL commands are injected into a backend database. It provides examples of how SQL injection can be used to bypass authentication or retrieve sensitive data from a database. The document then discusses various techniques for preventing SQL injection, including using stored procedures, parameterized queries, and object-relational mappers like Entity Framework and NHibernate which help protect against injection attacks.
SQL injection is a code injection technique, used to attack data-driven applications, in which malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e.g. to dump the database contents to the attacker).
This document discusses SQL injection, including what it is, different types, and how to exploit it. It begins with an introduction to SQL injection, describing error-based, time-based, and boolean-based SQLi. It then covers exploiting SQLi to compromise databases by uploading shells and using SQLmap. The remainder demonstrates SQLi techniques like union queries, extracting data, and bypassing filters. Tools, methodology, and resources for further learning are also mentioned.
SQL injection is a type of attack where malicious SQL code is injected into an application's database query, potentially exposing or modifying private data. Attackers can bypass logins, access secret data, modify website contents, or shut down databases. SQL injection occurs when user input is not sanitized before being used in SQL queries. Attackers first find vulnerable websites, then check for errors to determine the number of columns. They use "union select" statements to discover which columns are responsive to queries, allowing them to extract data like user credentials or database contents. Developers should sanitize all user inputs to prevent SQL injection attacks.
This document discusses SQL injection (SQLI), which is a code injection technique used to attack data-driven applications. SQLI works by inserting malicious SQL statements into entry fields for execution on the backend database. This allows attackers to read sensitive data, modify database contents, and perform administration tasks. The document outlines common SQLI attack methods like error-based and union-based techniques. It also categorizes SQLI attacks as in-band, inferential/blind, or out-of-band based on how results are returned. Examples are provided to illustrate how SQLI exploits vulnerabilities in dynamic SQL queries.
This document provides an introduction to SQL injection basics. It defines SQL injection as executing a SQL query or statement by injecting it into a user input field. The document outlines why SQL injection is studied, provides a sample database structure, and describes generic SQL queries and operators like UNION and ORDER BY. It also categorizes different types of SQL injection and attacks. The remainder of the document previews upcoming topics on blind SQL injection, data extraction techniques, and prevention.
This document discusses SQL injection, which is a security vulnerability that allows attackers to interfere with how a database operates. SQL injection occurs when user input is not sanitized and is used directly in SQL queries, allowing attackers to alter the structure and meaning of queries. The document provides an example of how an attacker could log in without a password by adding SQL code to the username field. It also lists some common SQL injection techniques like using comments, concatenation, and wildcards. Finally, it points to additional online resources for learning more about SQL injection and database security.
This document discusses SQL injection attacks and proposes a parser to prevent them. It begins with an introduction that describes the architecture of web applications and databases, and how SQL injection exploits vulnerabilities in this architecture. It then provides an overview of SQL injection attacks, explaining how malicious SQL commands can be inserted to trick applications into executing unintended queries. The document proposes a parser that determines if queries are functionally equivalent to prevent SQL injection. It was tested on a sample application and results were positive. In the next sections, the document discusses the working of SQL injections in more detail and categorizes different types of SQL injection attacks.
What they are, steps you can take to prevent them, a brief overview.
3/13/2013 winter term 2013 at Portland State University for the Introduction to Databases class.
Presented by Stacy Watts and Tyler Fetters
The document discusses SQL injection, including forms of vulnerability like incorrectly filtered escape characters and incorrect type handling. It describes preventing SQL injection through parameterized statements, escaping user input, and using a web vulnerability scanner. Parameterized statements are the preferred method, binding user input to parameters in the SQL query rather than embedding it. Enforcement can occur at the database or coding level. Escaping user input is an alternative but not as robust as parameterized statements.
OS command injection vulnerabilities occur when user input is not sanitized before being passed to a shell command interpreter. This allows attackers to inject arbitrary commands that will be executed by the server, potentially compromising the server or application data. Command injection vulnerabilities are serious because they may enable attackers to use the server as a platform for launching attacks against other systems. Commix is an open source tool that can detect and exploit command injection vulnerabilities.
Unethical access to website’s databases hacking using sql injectionSatyajit Mukherjee
This presentation is prepared by Mr. Satyajit Mukherjee, Senior Consultant of IBM. This will provide the user a brief understanding of unethical hacking and SQL Injection.
SQL injection is a web application vulnerability that allows attackers to interfere with and extract data from the backend database of a website. It can give attackers access to sensitive user information like passwords, credit cards, and medical records. The document discusses how SQL injection works, how attackers can use it to view hidden data tables and subvert the logic of a website's queries, and provides recommendations for preventing SQL injection vulnerabilities.
This topic will cover key concepts in android application security testing by employing a variety of tools and techniques to fasten the testing process.
This was presented at Null Bangalore Chapter (Saturday April 26 2014, 11:00 AM)
I hope this helpes you to know more about what is SQL-injection and SYN attack and SYN foolds this present with there description also how to prvent this attacks.
Code injection is the exploitation of a computer bug that allows an attacker to introduce malicious code into a computer program and alter its execution. There are several types of code injection including SQL injection, which modifies database values; OS command injection, which installs malware by exploiting vulnerabilities in browsers/plugins; and cross-site scripting (XSS), where malicious scripts are introduced into trusted websites. XSS can be stored, reflected, or DOM-based. Code injection attacks can have disastrous consequences, including compromising sensitive data, installing malware, and escalating privileges.
The document discusses the top vulnerabilities from the OWASP Top 10 list - Injection, Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF). It provides details on each vulnerability like how injection occurs, types of XSS, and how CSRF allows unauthorized actions. Prevention techniques are also covered, such as input validation, output encoding, and synchronizer token pattern. The presentation is given by Arya Anindyaratna Bal for Wipro and covers their experience in application security and the history of OWASP Top 10 lists.
The document discusses SQL injection, which occurs when malicious SQL commands are injected into a backend database. It provides examples of how SQL injection can be used to bypass authentication or retrieve sensitive data from a database. The document then discusses various techniques for preventing SQL injection, including using stored procedures, parameterized queries, and object-relational mappers like Entity Framework and NHibernate which help protect against injection attacks.
SQL injection is a code injection technique, used to attack data-driven applications, in which malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e.g. to dump the database contents to the attacker).
This document discusses SQL injection, including what it is, different types, and how to exploit it. It begins with an introduction to SQL injection, describing error-based, time-based, and boolean-based SQLi. It then covers exploiting SQLi to compromise databases by uploading shells and using SQLmap. The remainder demonstrates SQLi techniques like union queries, extracting data, and bypassing filters. Tools, methodology, and resources for further learning are also mentioned.
SQL injection is a type of attack where malicious SQL code is injected into an application's database query, potentially exposing or modifying private data. Attackers can bypass logins, access secret data, modify website contents, or shut down databases. SQL injection occurs when user input is not sanitized before being used in SQL queries. Attackers first find vulnerable websites, then check for errors to determine the number of columns. They use "union select" statements to discover which columns are responsive to queries, allowing them to extract data like user credentials or database contents. Developers should sanitize all user inputs to prevent SQL injection attacks.
This document discusses SQL injection (SQLI), which is a code injection technique used to attack data-driven applications. SQLI works by inserting malicious SQL statements into entry fields for execution on the backend database. This allows attackers to read sensitive data, modify database contents, and perform administration tasks. The document outlines common SQLI attack methods like error-based and union-based techniques. It also categorizes SQLI attacks as in-band, inferential/blind, or out-of-band based on how results are returned. Examples are provided to illustrate how SQLI exploits vulnerabilities in dynamic SQL queries.
This document provides an introduction to SQL injection basics. It defines SQL injection as executing a SQL query or statement by injecting it into a user input field. The document outlines why SQL injection is studied, provides a sample database structure, and describes generic SQL queries and operators like UNION and ORDER BY. It also categorizes different types of SQL injection and attacks. The remainder of the document previews upcoming topics on blind SQL injection, data extraction techniques, and prevention.
This document discusses SQL injection, which is a security vulnerability that allows attackers to interfere with how a database operates. SQL injection occurs when user input is not sanitized and is used directly in SQL queries, allowing attackers to alter the structure and meaning of queries. The document provides an example of how an attacker could log in without a password by adding SQL code to the username field. It also lists some common SQL injection techniques like using comments, concatenation, and wildcards. Finally, it points to additional online resources for learning more about SQL injection and database security.
This document discusses SQL injection attacks and proposes a parser to prevent them. It begins with an introduction that describes the architecture of web applications and databases, and how SQL injection exploits vulnerabilities in this architecture. It then provides an overview of SQL injection attacks, explaining how malicious SQL commands can be inserted to trick applications into executing unintended queries. The document proposes a parser that determines if queries are functionally equivalent to prevent SQL injection. It was tested on a sample application and results were positive. In the next sections, the document discusses the working of SQL injections in more detail and categorizes different types of SQL injection attacks.
What they are, steps you can take to prevent them, a brief overview.
3/13/2013 winter term 2013 at Portland State University for the Introduction to Databases class.
Presented by Stacy Watts and Tyler Fetters
The document discusses SQL injection, including forms of vulnerability like incorrectly filtered escape characters and incorrect type handling. It describes preventing SQL injection through parameterized statements, escaping user input, and using a web vulnerability scanner. Parameterized statements are the preferred method, binding user input to parameters in the SQL query rather than embedding it. Enforcement can occur at the database or coding level. Escaping user input is an alternative but not as robust as parameterized statements.
OS command injection vulnerabilities occur when user input is not sanitized before being passed to a shell command interpreter. This allows attackers to inject arbitrary commands that will be executed by the server, potentially compromising the server or application data. Command injection vulnerabilities are serious because they may enable attackers to use the server as a platform for launching attacks against other systems. Commix is an open source tool that can detect and exploit command injection vulnerabilities.
Unethical access to website’s databases hacking using sql injectionSatyajit Mukherjee
This presentation is prepared by Mr. Satyajit Mukherjee, Senior Consultant of IBM. This will provide the user a brief understanding of unethical hacking and SQL Injection.
SQL injection is a web application vulnerability that allows attackers to interfere with and extract data from the backend database of a website. It can give attackers access to sensitive user information like passwords, credit cards, and medical records. The document discusses how SQL injection works, how attackers can use it to view hidden data tables and subvert the logic of a website's queries, and provides recommendations for preventing SQL injection vulnerabilities.
This topic will cover key concepts in android application security testing by employing a variety of tools and techniques to fasten the testing process.
This was presented at Null Bangalore Chapter (Saturday April 26 2014, 11:00 AM)
I hope this helpes you to know more about what is SQL-injection and SYN attack and SYN foolds this present with there description also how to prvent this attacks.
Code injection is the exploitation of a computer bug that allows an attacker to introduce malicious code into a computer program and alter its execution. There are several types of code injection including SQL injection, which modifies database values; OS command injection, which installs malware by exploiting vulnerabilities in browsers/plugins; and cross-site scripting (XSS), where malicious scripts are introduced into trusted websites. XSS can be stored, reflected, or DOM-based. Code injection attacks can have disastrous consequences, including compromising sensitive data, installing malware, and escalating privileges.
The document discusses the top vulnerabilities from the OWASP Top 10 list - Injection, Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF). It provides details on each vulnerability like how injection occurs, types of XSS, and how CSRF allows unauthorized actions. Prevention techniques are also covered, such as input validation, output encoding, and synchronizer token pattern. The presentation is given by Arya Anindyaratna Bal for Wipro and covers their experience in application security and the history of OWASP Top 10 lists.
SQL injection is a code injection technique where malicious SQL statements are inserted into entry fields for execution, allowing attackers to extract or modify data in the database or bypass authentication. Attackers craft SQL statements to determine database schema, extract data, add/modify data, or bypass authentication. SQL injection works by submitting exploit data in a form that is built into a SQL query string sent to the database, which then executes the malicious code and returns any extracted data to the application. Proper data sanitization and using prepared statements can help prevent SQL injection attacks.
This document provides an overview of SQL injection attacks and techniques for exploiting Microsoft SQL Server databases. It discusses the basics of SQL injection vulnerabilities and how they can be used to bypass authentication, evade audit logs, and search for vulnerable websites. The document then covers normal SQL injection attacks on MSSQL, including using HAVING/GROUP BY, CONVERT functions, and UNION queries. It also discusses blind SQL injection techniques, more advanced attacks using extended stored procedures, and SQL injection worm attacks. Countermeasures are suggested, and the document provides references and greetings.
The document discusses SQL injection attacks, which take advantage of un-sanitized input in web applications to execute malicious SQL commands. It describes various types of SQL injection attacks, including piggybacked queries, stored procedures, union queries, and blind SQL injection. The document also covers mitigation techniques used to prevent SQL injection attacks.
This document provides an overview of SQL injection techniques. It begins with an introduction describing SQL injection as a code injection attack on data-driven web applications. It then covers topics like the intent of SQL injection attacks, real world examples, how the attacks work by inserting malicious SQL statements, and the impacts like data leakage, loss of control, and denial of service. The document also discusses different types of SQL injection attacks, defenses, other injection types, tools used in SQL injection, and concludes by describing how SQL injection exploits applications that concatenate user input into SQL statements.
This document summarizes the top 10 mobile security risks according to the OWASP Mobile Security Project. It introduces the mobile threat model and discusses each of the top 10 risks, including weak server-side controls, insecure data storage, insufficient transport layer protection, unintentional data leakage, poor authentication and authorization, broken cryptography, client-side injection, security decisions via untrusted inputs, improper session handling, and lack of binary protections. Best practices for addressing these risks are also provided.
Top 10 mobile security risks - Khổng Văn CườngVõ Thái Lâm
The document summarizes the top 10 mobile security risks according to the OWASP Mobile Security Project. It introduces the mobile threat model and discusses each of the top 10 risks, including weak server-side controls, insecure data storage, insufficient transport layer protection, unintentional data leakage, poor authorization and authentication, broken cryptography, client-side injection, security decisions via untrusted inputs, improper session handling, and lack of binary protections. Best practices for addressing these risks are also provided.
Overiew on SQL Injection. Different Types of SQL injection. How it can be detected and methods to prevent SQL Injection. How it can be implemented using Kalii Linux commands
Types of attacks Types of attacks Types of attacks Types of attacks Types of attacks Types of attacks Types of attacks
Types of attacks
Types of attacksTypes of attacksTypes of attacksTypes of attacksTypes of attacks
Sql injection bypassing hand book blackroseNoaman Aziz
In this book I am not gonna teach you Basics of SQL injection, I will assume that you already know them, because cmon every one talks about it, you will find tons and tons of posts on forums related to basics of SQL Injection, In this post I will talk about common methods of used by hackers and pentesters for evading IDS, IPS, WAF's such as Modsecurity, dotdefender etc .
Virtual Web Application Firewall (vAWF) Data Sheet - Array Networks Array Networks
Virtual Web application firewalls (vAWF) provide comprehensive protection for business-critical Web applications from a wide range of threats like SQL injection attacks, Web page tampering, and disclosure of sensitive information. vAWF detects both current and new Web application attacks in real time without disrupting normal business traffic. It also actively responds to security incidents to stop hackers and provides post-incident analysis to strengthen defenses against future attacks. vAWF virtual appliances are suited for virtual environments and require only modest computing resources.
Presentation on - SQL Injection.
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An Introduction of SQL Injection, Buffer Overflow & Wireless AttackTechSecIT
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
IRJET- Detection of SQL Injection using Machine Learning : A SurveyIRJET Journal
This document discusses SQL injection attacks and techniques for detecting them using machine learning. It provides an overview of SQL injection, including how attacks work, common types of SQL injections, and the attack process. It also reviews past research on SQL injection detection tools that use techniques like static analysis, dynamic evaluation of queries, and machine learning to identify vulnerabilities and detect attacks by monitoring application responses. The goal of the research discussed is to develop automated techniques for detecting and preventing SQL injection attacks on databases and web applications.
This document provides an overview of SQL injection and buffer overflow attacks. It defines SQL injection as exploiting vulnerabilities in database-driven applications by injecting malicious SQL statements. Examples are given of changing queries, bypassing logins, and undermining application logic. Buffer overflow occurs when a program stores more data in a buffer than it can hold, overwriting adjacent memory. The document outlines steps to prevent these attacks, such as input validation, modifying error reports, and disabling stack execution.
This document discusses various topics related to web security. It begins with an introduction to security mindsets and thinking like an attacker. It then discusses real-world examples of cyberwar between countries. It provides case studies on the Stuxnet virus. It introduces the security tools OWASP WebGoat, Web Scarab, Beef, and SET for demonstrations. It also mentions using QR codes and the future of web security.
The document discusses web application security and the F5 BIG-IP Application Security Manager (ASM). It notes that most attacks are now targeted at web applications rather than networks. It then provides an overview of common web application attacks that ASM can protect against. The document discusses how ASM uses a positive security model to provide implicit protection against both known and unknown attacks. It also outlines the various deployment options and protections that ASM provides, such as bot detection, DDoS mitigation, and web application firewall capabilities.
Web applications are increasingly targeted by cyber criminals. This document proposes solutions to common web application attacks like SQL injection (SQLIA) and cross-site request forgery (CSRF). It suggests encrypting sensitive data to prevent SQLIA and using secret cross-site request forgery tokens for each request to block unauthorized form submissions and prevent CSRF. An example e-commerce application called Instant Media is presented to demonstrate these vulnerabilities. The proposed solutions aim to enhance web security without additional overhead.
Computer Network Case Study - bajju.pptxShivamBajaj36
This document discusses various computer network attacks and vulnerabilities. It covers topics like ransomware, IoT attacks, social engineering, man-in-the-middle attacks, denial of service attacks, distributed denial of service attacks, SQL injection, SSL stripping, URL misinterpretation, directory browsing, input validation vulnerabilities, and vulnerabilities in each layer of the OSI model. The goal is to provide an overview of common network attacks and how they can be carried out.
transfer learning is the process of training a model on a large-scale dataset and then using that pretrained model to conduct learning for another downstream task (i.e., target task)
Transfer learning was popularized in the field of computer vision thanks to the Imagenet Dataset
This document is a project report for a Diagnostic Expert System submitted by Zahid Waqas and Tasmiya Muddaser. The report includes an introduction that outlines the background, objectives, and organization of the report. It also includes chapters on problem definition, software requirements specification, methodology, detailed design and architecture, implementation and testing, testing, results and discussion, and conclusion. The project aims to develop an expert system to diagnose diseases based on symptoms to help both patients and doctors.
transfer learning is the process of training a model on a large-scale dataset and then using that pretrained model to conduct learning for another downstream task (i.e., target task)
Transfer learning was popularized in the field of computer vision thanks to the Imagenet Dataset
This document provides instructions for setting up a cloud computing environment including downloading VirtualBox and an Ubuntu server ISO, then logging into the virtual machine with the username "cloud" and password "123456789?" along with the IP address of 192.168.0.117 where the default Apache page is displayed.
This document contains a list of 4 students with their roll numbers and HCI studying heuristic evaluation on Whatsapp. Naila Noreen has roll number 465, Aqsa Chohan has roll number 396, Ambreen Farooq has roll number 391, and Aena Irfan has roll number 367 and they are studying heuristic evaluation on Whatsapp at HCI.
The document describes the user mental model for transferring money between accounts using an ATM. It involves inserting an ATM card, entering a PIN, selecting fund transfer and the recipient bank, entering the recipient account number and type, inputting the transfer amount, and receiving a transaction receipt. A state diagram is also mentioned as being included to represent the transfer process.
Zenoss
• Zenoss is an open source platform released under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2.
• It provides an easy-to-use Web UI to monitor performance, events, configuration, and inventory.
• Zenoss is one of the best for unified monitoring since it is cloud agnostic and is open source.
• Zenoss provides powerful plug-ins named Zenpacks, which support monitoring on hypervisors (ESX, KVM, Xen and HyperV), private cloud platforms (CloudStack, OpenStack and vCloud/vSphere), and public cloud (AWS).
In daily effort associated with husbandry watery is that the beneficial task. Method of watering needs 2 necessary aspects to be considered: once and the way a lot have to water, so as to exchange manual activities and creating work easier, the project builds Associate in IOT device that may initiate the watering of the plant system mechanically whenever the wet content within the pot drops below a threshold price, which can facilitate the plants to succeed in their fullest potential furthermore as protective water, victimization. This technique can guarantee quality husbandry with conservation of water. All these notifications are going to be created out there to the user through mobile application
This document outlines the terms and conditions for a home loan agreement between a lender and borrower. It details the loan amount, interest rate, repayment schedule, late fees, prepayment rules, default conditions, and foreclosure process if the borrower fails to meet the obligations of the loan. The lender and borrower must both sign agreeing to these terms to finalize the home loan contract.
The document summarizes the results of a heuristic evaluation of the Instagram mobile app. The evaluation assessed 10 usability heuristics and found violations of 3 heuristics: consistency and standards due to an inconsistency with chat shortcuts, error prevention because errors did not provide sufficient information, and recognition rather than recall since some information required memorization. Overall, the evaluation found Instagram to have good usability with clear icons and layouts, feedback on uploads, and intuitive metaphors.
The agreement has two parts:
Service Agreement
Service Level Agreement (SLA)
A Service Level Agreement (SLA) is the service contract component between a service provider and customer. A SLA provides specific and measurable aspects related to service offerings. For example, SLAs are often included in signed agreements between Internet service providers (ISP) and customers.
The following promises are made to consumer by the provides:
Availability:
Usually 99.5% to 100% availability is assured.
The assurance is for a time intervals of a billing cycle e.g., 15 minute, 1 hour, 1 Year etc. for which the service status will be “up” for sure.
But this has to be clarified that for example time period of assurance is 15 minutes and even if the service is “down” for 14 minutes, then it legally means that the service was not “down” for the whole interval.
Typically, several failures in subsystems are required to completely “down” a service for the whole period of billing.
The provider may adjust the availability promises on case to case basis.
Remedies for Failure to Perform:
In case of violation of the promise of availability (during a time period) by the provider, the customer will be compensated in terms of service credit for future use of Cloud service.
A refund is usually not given.
Consumer is responsible to monitor the availability of service and claim for compensation.
Remedies for Failure to Data Preservation:
The following situations result in termination of Cloud IT resources usage for a consumer:
Voluntarily by consumer
The providers usually take no responsibility for preserving the data in later case. While in former case, the preservation is done for few days.
Terminated by the provider for violating the provider’s rule of service and/or for non-payment.
Legal Care of Consumer Information:
The provider assures for not disclosing/viewing/using/sharing the consumer’s data except in case of legal requirement.
On the other hand the provider retains the right of monitoring the consumer data as well as may demand a copy of consumer’s software for monitoring assistance.
Q2. Draw Cloud Hosting Data center Design and Explain
Key terms:
CRAC: Computer Room Air Conditioning
Hot aisle
Cold aisle
Server cabinets (Racks)
Hollow floor
Perforated tiles
Cloud hosting data center has a layered architecture for the Internet access.
The servers are physically connected to layer 2 switches. There is a top of rack (TOR) in each rack. One server is connected to only one TOR switch.
The TORs are connected to aggregate switches (AGS).
Data centers consume huge amounts of electricity. As much as a small town in USA.
A large data center can host hundreds of thousands physical servers.
This document describes several numerical methods for solving differential equations and calculating integrals:
The Modified Euler Method, Euler Method, R.K. 2 Method, and R.K. 4 Method provide formulas for approximating the next value in a sequence defined by a differential equation. Simpson's Rule and the Trapezoidal Rule give formulas for approximating the definite integral of a function over an interval.
Ventilator:
ICU ventilator is an equipment which is designed to provide the breath for a patient who is physically unable to breathe or he is breathing insufficiently.
Environment of Use:
•ICU/NICU/ITC •Recovery Rooms
Sources:
•Air (Turbine/ Compressor Operated) •Oxygen
Technology Being Used:
•Mechanical Ventilation •HFO Ventilation
Figure 2. ICU Ventilator
Figure 2. ICU Ventilator
Modes of Ventilation:
In pressure and volume controlled ventilation below mentioned are the basic modes.
•Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (CMV) •Assist Control Ventilation (AC)
•Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV) •Mandatory Minute Volume
An essential part of our approach to designing Interactive system is that it should put people first it should be human centered.
A Pact analysis is useful for both analysis and design activities understanding the current situation, situation, seeing where possible improvements can be made and envisioning future situations.
The Pact Framework consist in four parts
1) People
Interaction designers begin with the different among the users and their interactions.
• Physical Differences
Physical characteristics, e.g. height and weight
Five sense, i.e. sight, hearing, touch smell and taste.
Find a handheld device (e.g., a PDA, mobile phone) and examine how it has been designed, paying particular attention to how the user is meant to interact with it.
(a) From your first impressions, write down what first comes to mind as to what is good or bad about the way the device works. Then list (i) its functionality and (ii) the range of tasks a typical user would want to do using it. Is the functionality greater, equal, or less than what the user wants to do?
(b) Based on your study, compile your own set of usability and user experience goals that you think will be useful in evaluating the device. Decide which are the most important ones and why.
(c) Translate the core usability and user experience goals you have selected into two or three questions. Then use these questions to assess your device (sample questions: what mechanisms have been used to ensure safety? Is it fun to use, etc.).
(d) Evaluate the device using User Centered Design Prncipal’s design principles.
(e) Discuss possible improvements that can be made to the interface to improve its usability based on your evaluation.
What is Cloud Computing
virtualization
Cloud Networking
Cloud networking (and Cloud based networking) is a term describing the access of networking resources from a centralized third-party provider using Wide Area Networking (WAN) or Internet-based access technologies.
Cloud networking is related the concept of cloud computing, in which centralized computing resources are shared for customers or clients. In cloud networking, the network can be shared as well as the computing resources. It has spurred a trend of pushing more network management functions into the cloud, so that fewer customer devices are needed to manage the network.
Assignment hci : Draw the Users Mental Model for a Transfer of Money from one...Lahore Garrison University
The document describes the user's mental model and the implemented model for transferring money between accounts using an ATM. The user's model involves confirming a request, entering the account number to withdraw from, entering the amount to transfer, and entering the account number to transfer to. The implemented model is represented as a state transition diagram showing the steps of swiping the ATM card, entering the PIN code, entering the amount, entering the account number to transfer to, verifying the transfer, and ending the transaction.
The document discusses a proposed settlement agreement between two parties named in a lawsuit over an accident. It outlines details of the settlement such as payment amounts and schedules, as well as non-admission of fault and release from further liability or litigation related to the accident. The parties agree to request dismissal of the lawsuit and keep the terms of the settlement confidential as part of the agreement.
You have just marked a piece of work in which the student has obviously plagiarised
material from printed and electronic information. The student did not show you any
drafts of the essay although the class was asked to present drafts. You have not had
a chance to discuss the work with him at any stage.
1. What might alert you to the suspicion of plagiarism?
2. What might have led the student to plagiarise?
3. What steps could you take to discourage students from plagiarising?
4. What reflections do you have on this case that might develop your
professional practice?
objected oriented project
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
int k,kk;
//***************************************************************
// CLASS TEAM
//****************************************************************
class Team
{ protected:
How to Share Accounts Between Companies in Odoo 18Celine George
In this slide we’ll discuss on how to share Accounts between companies in odoo 18. Sharing accounts between companies in Odoo is a feature that can be beneficial in certain scenarios, particularly when dealing with Consolidated Financial Reporting, Shared Services, Intercompany Transactions etc.
Ancient Stone Sculptures of India: As a Source of Indian HistoryVirag Sontakke
This Presentation is prepared for Graduate Students. A presentation that provides basic information about the topic. Students should seek further information from the recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes. I took/copied the pictures/maps included in the presentation are from the internet. The presenter is thankful to them and herewith courtesy is given to all. This presentation is only for academic purposes.
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What is the Philosophy of Statistics? (and how I was drawn to it)jemille6
What is the Philosophy of Statistics? (and how I was drawn to it)
Deborah G Mayo
At Dept of Philosophy, Virginia Tech
April 30, 2025
ABSTRACT: I give an introductory discussion of two key philosophical controversies in statistics in relation to today’s "replication crisis" in science: the role of probability, and the nature of evidence, in error-prone inference. I begin with a simple principle: We don’t have evidence for a claim C if little, if anything, has been done that would have found C false (or specifically flawed), even if it is. Along the way, I’ll sprinkle in some autobiographical reflections.
*"Sensing the World: Insect Sensory Systems"*Arshad Shaikh
Insects' major sensory organs include compound eyes for vision, antennae for smell, taste, and touch, and ocelli for light detection, enabling navigation, food detection, and communication.
Transform tomorrow: Master benefits analysis with Gen AI today webinar
Wednesday 30 April 2025
Joint webinar from APM AI and Data Analytics Interest Network and APM Benefits and Value Interest Network
Presenter:
Rami Deen
Content description:
We stepped into the future of benefits modelling and benefits analysis with this webinar on Generative AI (Gen AI), presented on Wednesday 30 April. Designed for all roles responsible in value creation be they benefits managers, business analysts and transformation consultants. This session revealed how Gen AI can revolutionise the way you identify, quantify, model, and realised benefits from investments.
We started by discussing the key challenges in benefits analysis, such as inaccurate identification, ineffective quantification, poor modelling, and difficulties in realisation. Learnt how Gen AI can help mitigate these challenges, ensuring more robust and effective benefits analysis.
We explored current applications and future possibilities, providing attendees with practical insights and actionable recommendations from industry experts.
This webinar provided valuable insights and practical knowledge on leveraging Gen AI to enhance benefits analysis and modelling, staying ahead in the rapidly evolving field of business transformation.
History Of The Monastery Of Mor Gabriel Philoxenos Yuhanon Dolabanifruinkamel7m
History Of The Monastery Of Mor Gabriel Philoxenos Yuhanon Dolabani
History Of The Monastery Of Mor Gabriel Philoxenos Yuhanon Dolabani
History Of The Monastery Of Mor Gabriel Philoxenos Yuhanon Dolabani
How to Configure Public Holidays & Mandatory Days in Odoo 18Celine George
In this slide, we’ll explore the steps to set up and manage Public Holidays and Mandatory Days in Odoo 18 effectively. Managing Public Holidays and Mandatory Days is essential for maintaining an organized and compliant work schedule in any organization.
Search Matching Applicants in Odoo 18 - Odoo SlidesCeline George
The "Search Matching Applicants" feature in Odoo 18 is a powerful tool that helps recruiters find the most suitable candidates for job openings based on their qualifications and experience.
Redesigning Education as a Cognitive Ecosystem: Practical Insights into Emerg...Leonel Morgado
Slides used at the Invited Talk at the Harvard - Education University of Hong Kong - Stanford Joint Symposium, "Emerging Technologies and Future Talents", 2025-05-10, Hong Kong, China.
Classification of mental disorder in 5th semester bsc. nursing and also used ...parmarjuli1412
Classification of mental disorder in 5th semester Bsc. Nursing and also used in 2nd year GNM Nursing Included topic is ICD-11, DSM-5, INDIAN CLASSIFICATION, Geriatric-psychiatry, review of personality development, different types of theory, defense mechanism, etiology and bio-psycho-social factors, ethics and responsibility, responsibility of mental health nurse, practice standard for MHN, CONCEPTUAL MODEL and role of nurse, preventive psychiatric and rehabilitation, Psychiatric rehabilitation,
Struggling with your botany assignments? This comprehensive guide is designed to support college students in mastering key concepts of plant biology. Whether you're dealing with plant anatomy, physiology, ecology, or taxonomy, this guide offers helpful explanations, study tips, and insights into how assignment help services can make learning more effective and stress-free.
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• Introduction to Botany
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2. SQL INJECTION
• SQL INJECTION IS A CODE INJECTION TECHNIQUE THAT MIGHT DESTROY YOUR
DATABASE.
• SQL INJECTION IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON WEB HACKING TECHNIQUES.
• SQL INJECTION IS THE PLACEMENT OF MALICIOUS CODE IN SQL STATEMENTS,
VIA WEB PAGE INPUT.
3. COMMAND INJECTION
• COMMAND INJECTION IS AN ATTACK IN WHICH THE GOAL IS EXECUTION OF
ARBITRARY COMMANDS ON THE HOST OPERATING SYSTEM VIAA VULNERABLE
APPLICATION.
• COMMAND INJECTION ATTACKS ARE POSSIBLE WHEN AN APPLICATION PASSES
UNSAFE USER SUPPLIED DATA (FORMS, COOKIES, HTTP HEADERS ETC.)
• COMMAND INJECTION ATTACKS ARE POSSIBLE LARGELY DUE TO INSUFFICIENT
INPUT VALIDATION.
4. XTREME VULNERABLE WEB APPLICATION (XVWA)
• XVWA IS A BADLY CODED WEB APPLICATION WRITTEN IN PHP/MYSQL THAT
HELPS SECURITY ENTHUSIASTS TO LEARN APPLICATION SECURITY.
• IT’S NOT ADVISABLE TO HOST THIS APPLICATION ONLINE AS IT IS DESIGNED TO
BE “EXTREMELY VULNERABLE”. IT’S TOTALLY LEGAL TO BREAK OR HACK INTO
THIS.
5. XVWA IS DESIGNED TO UNDERSTAND
FOLLOWING SECURITY ISSUES.
• SQL INJECTION – ERROR BASED
• OS COMMAND INJECTION