SECURITY IN COULD DATA STORAGE USING SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES AND ELGAMAL CRYPTOSTEM

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 04 | Apr 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1358
SECURITY IN COULD DATA STORAGE USING SOFT COMPUTING
TECHNIQUES AND ELGAMAL CRYPTOSTEM
1Pg Scholar, Department of computer science& Engineering, School of Engineering, RIMT University
2Assistant Professor, Department of computer science& Engineering, School of Engineering, RIMT University
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Abstract - A wide variety of data security solutions are
available, with encryption being the most popular. Encryption
by itself isn't sufficient to protect the private information of a
huge number of people. In addition, the encryption and
decryption steps for each query take longer to complete.
Second, focusing only on the user's needs is a poor strategy
since, once uploaded to the Cloud, userdataisnolonger within
the user's control. In light of this fact, we must take into
account the security of Cloud servers' critical information.
Obfuscation, one of the most important methods, is used to
accomplish this. An solution that incorporates both Elgamal
and Encryption is proposed in this study to reduce the burden
on Cloud servers while still protecting user information. RSA
and Elgamal's encryption and decryption times for files
ranging from 1KB to 1000KB. Asaresult, RSAencryptiontakes
less time than Elgamal encryption, while decryption takes
longer. When it comes to decryption, Elgamaloutperformsthe
competition.
Key Words: security, Data storage, Elgamal, soft
computing…
1. INTRODUCTION
As the demand of internet is increasing, theserviceprovided
such as Software, Platform, Database services, Storage
services etc. through internet also gradually increases. Here
the important terms cloud computing comes into existence
which provides huge amount of differentservicestoitsusers
via network. As it provides ‘Pay as you Go’ fundamental user
can get maximum benefits by using this service for cheaper
cost.
Data and programmes are maintained on central distant
servers through the internet in Cloud Computing.
Businesses and individuals may now view their personal
files from any computer with an internet connection thanks
to new technology that eliminates the need for software to
be installed.
It is possible to achieve substantially more computer
efficiency via the use of the cloud by consolidating storage,
memory, bandwidth, and computation.
Cloud storage has many benefits, but it also has a number of
security concerns. Cloud storage customers are most
concerned about maintaining the privacyoftheirdata.Client
data is, in fact, handled outside of the governance of the
customers themselves.
Maintaining compliance while also enforcing security
policies may be difficult enough when working in
conjunction with external third parties and their many
subcontractors, known and unknown.
By presenting a technique that encrypts client data before it
is sent to the cloud storage and decrypts it with the same
secret key after it has been received, we hope to improve
data confidentiality in cloud storage systems. A secret key is
used to do these tasks on the client side. Cloud storage data
is secure, as the user's private key never leaves their
computer.
1.1 Could Computing Models
Cloud is a Web based figuring innovation, where shared
assets, for example, programming, stage, stockpiling and
data are given to clients on request.Distributedcomputingis
a figuring stage for sharing assets that incorporate
frameworks, programming, applications, and business
processes. Distributed computing is a virtual pool of
processing assets. It gives processing assets in the pool for
clients through web. Distributed computing as an arising
processing worldview intends to share stockpiling,
calculation and administrations straightforwardly among
enormous clients.
Current Distributed computing frameworks presents
genuine restriction in securing clients' information
classification. Since clients' delicate information is
introduced in decoded structures to remote machines
possessed and worked by outsider specialist co-ops, the
dangers of unapproved divulgence of the clients' touchy
information by specialist co-ops might be very high.
approach is introduced to shielding the secrecy of clients'
information from specialist organizations, and guarantees
specialist organizations can't gather clients' classified
information while the information is handled and put away
in Distributed computing frameworks. Distributed
computingframeworksgive different webbasedinformation
stockpiling and administrations. Because of its many
significant advantages, including cost viability and high
versatility and adaptability, Distributed computing is
Basima Mukhtar1, Ankur Gupta2

acquiring huge energy as of late as another worldview of
circulated figuring for different applications, particularlyfor
business applications alongside the fast development of the
Web. With the ascent of the time of "Distributedcomputing",
worries about "Web Security" keep on expanding.
2 SECURITY CHALLENGES IN CLOUD COMPUTING
ENVIRONMENT
Every cloud computing based service has different sorts of
security challenges. An intruder can utilize the
vulnerabilities of network infrastructure to attack the
services on features of cloud like on demand self-service,
multitenancy, broad network access etc. This could make a
considerable measure of vulnerabilities in the service
delivered [3]. An overview conducted by [4] demonstrates
that security is a major concern toward the clients staying
far from the cloud. In this subsection, we analyze different
sorts of security that back their heads prevalently in the
applications deployed on the cloud.
With the services provided over the cloud Computing
Environment, network infrastructures have caused several
security issues and challenges. The attacks Distributed
Denial of Services(DDOS)arerealizedbymalicioussoftware.
Theyprevent the server from providing services to its users
by sending un-accessible requesttotheclient.DDOSattack is
performed on other machines when a system on the cloud is
hacked and used as base. To obtain the main information
about the user, attacker can analyze all packets passing
through the system. But to find out the open port that can be
attacked, scanning is done. Attackers use SQL injections to
attack the cloud based database [5].
3. PROPOSED WORK
A cyclic group of ECC discrete points over a finite field is
constructed. A wide variety of public cryptographic systems
may be implemented in a comparable fashion utilising the
ECC. Although it provides the same amount of security as
other public cryptography based systems, Elliptic Curve
Cryptography has not attained the same level of popularity
as the ELGamal and RSA schemes. The discrete logarithm of
an elliptic curve serves as the foundation for the ECC [9, 10].
As contrast to the RSA and DSA algorithms, the Elliptical
Curve Discrete Log Problem (ECDLP) makes it moredifficult
to break an ECC since factorization and discrete log
problems may be solved in subexponential time. Meaning
that in order-competitive systems like DSA and RSA less
parameters may be employed. This benefit considerably
reduces the amount of energy needed to process.
Cloud storage and access to outsourced data maybesecured
using elliptic curve cryptography encryption. The cloud
storage server may be divided into two sections: a private
data portion and a shared data section, according to the
suggested concept. There are two sections: one for personal
information that is available exclusively to the user and one
for information that must be sharedwithothertrustedusers.
The data storage mechanism will encrypt all of the
information in both sections (DSModel).
A. Authentication
Cloud security is predicated on authentication and non-
repudiation between the clientandthecloud.Authentication
Model handles this issue.
The user must be authenticated in order to utilise the cloud
service. Authentication is accomplished via the use of a
uniqueusernameandpasswordcombination.Authentication
model (AuModel) computes A = hash (password) and
encrypts A with the client's secret key and the cloud service
provider private key to have C and transmit it to the cloud
service provider to verify the user's identity.Afterwards,the
user will be able to take use of cloud computing.
Figure 1 depicts the Authentication Model's
Figure 1: Authentication Model
B. Encryption or decryption
Confidentiality, integrity, and availability are all important
aspects of data storage in a cloud-based virtual
infrastructure (DS-Model).
Secrecy key cryptography underpins this approach; hence,
private data is encrypted using ECC's private key, while
public key cryptography is used to encrypt data on shared
storage. Users who wish to transmit messages using elliptic
curve cryptography must first get the key pair consisting of
an elliptic curve equation's base point of primes order G, as
well as an integer secret key x, in order to do so. Encryption
is required to store data in a cloud since it cannot be stored
in plaintext. Users' private keys are combinedwiththecloud
provider's public key to create a cryptographic model that
protects their data.
Requests for data from the cloud are always sent encrypted
by the server when they come from a user. It will be

decrypted using a cryptographic model, and the original file
will be accessible to the client.
C. DATA STORAGE
The data I received by cloud will be decrypted using client’s
public key then cloud’s secret key to have the file K. Data
storage model decrypts the data encrypted G to have the
original file named DATA then computes hash (DATA) and
compares it to the signature K to verify if the original file is
not modified during its transmission
D. RSA Algorithm
The RSA algorithm (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman)isthe basisofa
cryptosystem -- a suite of cryptographic algorithms that are
used for specific security services or purposes -- which
enables public key encryption and is widely used to secure
sensitive data, particularly when it is being sent over an
insecure network such as the internet.
RSA derives its security from the difficulty of factoring large
integers that are the product of two large prime numbers.
Multiplying these two numbers is easy, but determining the
original prime numbers from the total -- or factoring -- is
considered infeasible due to the time it would take using
even today's supercomputers.
.Following are the steps involved in ElGamalen cryption
algorithm:
Key Generation
The key generation process works as follows:
a. Assume a large prime number p.
b. Choose a primitive element g modulo p.
c. Choose a private key a randomly from {1,...,p-1}.
d. Compute public key y as follows :a.y=gamodp
Encryption
The encryption algorithmis as follows:
The plaintext is expressed as a set of numbers modulo
p.Data owner encrypt s a message M, CP be the cip her
text;CP comprises of two values ciphertext1 (y1) and
ciphertext2(y2).
e. Generate a random number k less than p
f. Compute two values y1 and y2 , wherey1=gk mod p
y2=M x or y k
g. Transmit the cip her text CP consisting two valuesy1and
y2.
Decryption
Upon receiving the cip her text CT (y1 and y2 ), the
receiver computes original message M as:
M=(y1amodp)x or y2.
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The whole field of technical research has been
revolutionised by cryptography. It hides the text behind a
series of hidden keys. It's a straightforward mathematical
formula. Plain text may be turned into cypher text by using
cryptosystems. Humans cannot decipher cypher text. It's
also not easy to figure out how data isencrypted withoutany
previous information. . The cloud storage is one of the
prominent services offered in cloud computing. Data stored
over cloud in the plain text format is a security threat. This
paper proposes a method for cloud storage that allows user
to store and access the data securely. It also guarantees that
no one can access the data neither the cloud storage
provider except the authenticated user. This method
provides security and privacy for data stored in public
servers
Figure 2 : User Login page
Data owner has to find the signature using his/her own
private key a. then he upload the data as pair of data and
signature

Figure 3: Private Keys
The authorized user verifies the signature with his / her
public key. In cloud storage system, the cloud user should
perform this task. This allows the authorized users as they
have public key.
Table1: Comparative Analysis of Encryption Time
File Size(KB) Existing system
RSA(ms)
Proposed system
Elgamal (ms)
1 1100 265
2 288 15
10 720 86
100 1353 1320
500 4223 33310
1000 8266 326790
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
P
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
s
y
s
t
e
m
1
1
0
0
2
8
8
7
2
0
1
3
5
3
4
2
2
3
8
2
6
6
Table2:Comparative Analysis of Decryption Time
FileSize(KB) Existing
system
RSA(ms)
Proposed
system
ElGamal(ms)
1 740 310
2 720 230
10 3010 1008
100 26570 13420
500 186810 81210
1000 218150 130307
Elgamal algorithm is also public key cryptographic
algorithm. The private key will be hidden. So if the private
key is not known, as we know, it is not possible to reveal the
message. So encryption and decryption of message will
provide more security for the data.
4. CONCLUSIONS
The primary goal is to securely store and retrieve data in a
cloud that is not under the authority of the data's original
owner. elliptic curve cryptography is used for cloud storage
and access to data files in order to protect them. There are
advantages to use the ECC algorithm for encryption, such as
speeding up encryption and decryption. In our opinion, this
approach of storing data is both fast and safe.
Only members of the group have access to the data kept in
the shared data area under this system. Group data sharing
in the shared data component of cloud computing models
will be addressed in future study.
Before sending data on Cloud encryption, it provides
security to the data which is on transition in the network by
which user ensures the confidentiality of his data. We have
proposed a secure storage sever which keep track of user
keys as well hash of the document uploaded on the server.
For the Cloud providers, efficient obfuscation technique is
proposed by which the secret information of Client like
password, contact details etc. are not tempered by third
party
RSA(ms) 720 186810
150000
100000
50000
0

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