Dti2143 chapter 3 arithmatic relation-logicalexpression
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This document discusses expressions and operators in C programming. It begins by defining an expression as a combination of variables, constants, and operators. It then covers the different types of operators - arithmetic, relational, and logical operators. For arithmetic operators, it explains unary operators like increment/decrement and binary operators like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulus. It provides examples of arithmetic expressions and discusses operator precedence. It also introduces common math library functions. For relational operators, it explains comparison operators and provides truth tables. Examples show how relational expressions evaluate to 0 or 1. For logical operators, it explains AND, OR, and NOT operators and provides their truth tables. Examples evaluate logical
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Dti2143 chapter 3 arithmatic relation-logicalexpression
- 1. DTI2143 Computer Programming1Chapter 3Expression&Operators
- 2. Aim2To give understanding on:Expression and operator concept
- 3. math.h and stdlib.h built-in functionObjectiveStudents should be able to:understand concepts and fundamentals in expression/ operator.write expression in C programming language3Introduction to ExpressionGiven the following statement :2x + 3 – z = yexpression
- 4. 4Introduction to ExpressionProcess involves in money withdrawal scenariobalance – withdrawed money = current balanceExpression in C :bakiTerkini =wangKeluar – bakiSemasa;
- 5. What is Expression?5Introduction to ExpressionCombination or more than one variable or Constant (operand) which separated by operatorExpressionOperatorexamplex + 3 - zOperandConsists ofarithmeticrelationallogical
- 6. 6Arithmetic ExpressionKnown asArithmetic ExpressionMathematic ExpressionusingArithmetic OperatorRepresents byRepresents byUnary operatorBinary operator
- 7. Unary Operator7Arithmetic ExpressionUnary OperatorOperates for one operandComputer memory cellexample-20a = -20;ab = +15;b+15
- 8. Unary Operator8Arithmetic ExpressionExample 1:int A = 5;++A; printf(“%d”, A); output ?A--;printf(“%d”,A); output ?A++;printf(“%d”,A); output ?
- 9. Unary Operator9Arithmetic ExpressionExample 2:int A ;A=6;printf(“%d”,3 + --A); output ?printf(“%d”, A); output ?A=6;printf(“%d”, 3 + A--); output ?printf(“%d”, A); output ?
- 10. Unary Operator10Arithmetic ExpressionExample 3:Given the value of num1 = 8 .Determine the value of num2 after the execution for each of the following statements: num2 = num1++ - 2;num2 = num1;num2 = ++num1 – 3;num2 = num1-- +1;
- 11. 11
- 12. Binary Operator12Arithmetic ExpressionLocated between constants or variables or both combinationBinary OperatorexampleA+ zoperatoroperand
- 13. Binary Operator13Arithmetic ExpressionMultiplicationUse symbol “ * ”exampleA * zoperatoroperandMathematicArithmetic Expression2x + y2 * x + y
- 14. Binary Operator14Arithmetic ExpressionDivideUse symbol “/”exampleA / zoperatoroperandMathematicArithmetic Expression2 : y2 / y
- 15. Binary Operator15Arithmetic ExpressionModulusUse symbol “%”exampleA % zoperatoroperandReturn a balance when 2 numbers is dividedCan only be used with an integer variable
- 16. Binary Operator16Arithmetic ExpressionExample:int A, B; float C; A= 2; B= 5; C= 2.4; B% A; C % A;Valid! Answer is 1Invalid! C is float
- 17. Assignment Statement17Arithmetic ExpressionUsed to store value/result of process to a variable
- 18. Use operator symbol =Assignment statementDouble assignmentstatementCompound assignmentstatement
- 19. Assignment Statement18Arithmetic ExpressionFormat /sintax :variable = value; variable = constant; or variable = variable; variable = expression;Example :1.average= ( 6 + 5) * 4;2.grossSalary = 1500;nettSalary = grossSalary + 200;3.price= 50.00; pay = price;`44average1500grossSalary1700nettSalary50.00pricepay50.00
- 20. 19Arithmetic ExpressionCompound Assignment StatementUse more than one operator (=)
- 21. Example :int a = b= c = d = e = 250;int b =2, number =0, total = 0,average =3; number = b++ = 10;int age = workHour = 0;
- 22. 20Arithmetic ExpressionCompound Assignment StatementFunctionTo combine two different operator together.
- 23. To simplify arithmetic operator
- 24. Original function of operator does not affected
- 25. Allowed combination are as follow:operator:+= , -= , *= , /= , %=
- 26. Compound Assignment Statement21Arithmetic ExpressionExample :
- 27. Arithmetic Operator Precedence Rules22Arithmetic ExpressionCompiler will follows the following precedence to execute the arithmetic expression based on priority.
- 28. Arithmetic Operator Precedence Rules23Arithmetic OperatorExample:5 + 2 * 6 – 4 / 25 + 12 - 4 / 2 5 + 12 - 2 17 - 2 152. 3 * 4 / 2 + ( 3 –1) 3 * 4 / 2 + 2 12 / 2 + 2 6 + 2 8
- 29. Arithmetic Operator Precedence Rules24Arithmetic ExpressionExample:3. Prefix unary arithmetic expressionintkira = 5, nilaipertama = 10;nilai_kedua = 5 * --kira + nilai_pertama;printf(“%d %d”, kira, nilai_kedua);Output:4 30
- 30. Arithmetic Operator Precedence Rules25Arithmetic ExpressionExample:3. Prefix unary arithmetic expression int kira = 5, nilai pertama = 10; nilai_kedua = 5 * kira-- + nilai_pertama; printf(“%d %d”, kira, nilai_kedua);Output:4 35
- 31. 26Arithmetic ExpressionMathematic Library FunctionDiwakiliolehperpustakaanpiawaimatematkiaitumath.h
- 33. Antarafungsiperpustakaanmatematik yang penting:27Arithmetic ExpressionMathematic Library FunctionExample:#include<stdio.h>#include <math.h>void main(){ int x = 16, y ; y = sqrt(x); printf(“%d”,y);}Output :4
- 34. Exercise:28Arithmetic ExpressionConvert the following mathematic expression to a valid arithmetic expression : a) b = 3 + bb) x = (a – b)(a – c2) a + 4 c) d = (3e – d) - ( 4 – 3c3 ) d) r = 2s + 3(s – 9) x – 9 4y sGiven a= 3, b = 5, c=1. What is the output of the following expression? a. ( 6 * c – 6 / a) - b b. (5 * c) +( a* b / b) c. ++a d. c + a * c / (3 * c)
- 35. Exercise:29Arithmetic Expression Assume i,j and k are integer variables with i = 5 and j=3. Determine what is the value for each of the following statement: a) k = j++; d) k = ++j; b) k = i * j--; e) k = i * --j; c) k = j + i * j++; f) k = 27 / j++ - 16 % i;
- 36. 30Relation ExpressionRelationalexpressionuseRelational operatorCombination of more than one statementvariable vs variableCan consists ofvariable vs constantproduceconstant vs constant0 (if false)1(if true)
- 38. 32Relation ExpressionP/s:a, b and c are variables,Replace with the given valuesExample 1:int a=6, b =1, c = -2;a+ b == c 2) a != b 6 + 1== -2 6 != 1 7 == -2Answer: 0(False) Answer : 1 (True)
- 39. 33Relation ExpressionExample 2 :int a=6, b =1, c = -2; 3) b < a 4) b + c <= a 1 < -2 1 + -2 < 6 -1 < 6Answer: 0 (False) Answer : 1 (True)
- 40. 34Relation ExpressionP/s:Relational operator has less priority than other operators.Start evaluating from left to right.Example 3:int a=10, b = 3, c = 7;(a+b >= 3*c)==( a != 2*c+b)(10+3 >= 3*7)==(a != 2*c+b)(13 >= 21)==(10 != 14+3)(13 >= 21)==(10 != 17)0 == 10 (false)
- 41. 35Relation ExpressionAn example program which uses relational expression#include <stdio.h>void main(){ int age;printf(“\nPlease enter your age >>”);scanf(“%d”,&age); if (age > 21)printf(“\nYou are qualified to vote”);}Relational expression
- 42. 36Logical ExpressionLogical OperatorLogical expressionuseCombination of one or more expressionsCan consists ofRelational expr. vs logical expr.Relational expr. vs variableproducesRelational expr. vs constant0 (if false)1(if true)
- 43. 37Logical ExpressionLogical OperatorLogical operator && dan || is used between 2 or morerelational expression
- 44. 38Logical ExpressionLogical operator truth table for ANDAND (&&)
- 45. 39Logical ExpressionLogical operator truth table for OROR (||)
- 46. 40Logical ExpressionLogical operator truth table for NOTNOT(!)
- 47. 41Logical ExpressionExample 1:Evaluate the following logical expression:(2 < 5 ) && ( 5 < 10) b) (7 % 2 < 2) || ( 2 * 3 == 6) 1 && 1 (1 < 2) || (6 == 6) 1 1 || 1 1
- 48. 42Logical ExpressionExample 2:Evaluate the following logical expression:Given a = 3, b = 4;c) !((5 * b <= 23 - a )) d) ! ((b +3 != 8) &&( 3 * a < 2)) !((5 * 4 <= 23 – 3)) !(( 7 != 8 ) && ( 9 < 2 )) !(20 <= 20) ! ( 1 && 0 ) !(1) ! ( 0) 0 1
- 49. 43Logical ExpressionLogical ExpressionAn example program which using Logical Expression:#include <stdio.h>void main(){ int mark;printf(“\nEnter your mark >>”);scanf(“%d”,&mark); if (mark >= 85 && mark <= 100)printf(“\nGred A”); else if( mark >=80 && mark <=84)printf(“\nGred A-”);}
- 50. Exercise:44Logical ExpressionGiven with i=2, j = 5 and k = 15. Evaluate each of the following expression:a) i > j – k g) k == j + I * j b) i != k h) k <=k /j c) (i >= 1) && (j == 5) i) (j < i) || (k > j) d) !( i > j) j) (i >0) && (j <k) || (k <i) e) i < j < k k) i * k < k / j f) (i < j) && (j < k) i) i – j > kComplete the following statements with suitable logical expression.int angka1,angka2; if (angka1 is less than or equal to angka2)printf(“%d is less than or equal to %d”,angka1,angka2);