Qualidade de Software em zOS usando IBM Debug Tool e RDz

Code Debugging Tool to Help Teach Mainframe Programming Languages
1
Code Debugging Tool to Help Teach Mainframe
Programming Languages
MSc Claudio Gonçalves Bernardo
MBA Paulo Roberto C. Batuta Brasília - Brazil

SUMMARY
I. Introduction
II. Software Test
III. Test Features
IV. Steps of Test
V. Unit Test and Debug Tool
VI. Debug Tool for z/OS
VII. Steps for using Debug Tool
VIII. Use of Testing Debugging Tool for Teaching in Mainframe
Environment
IX. Architecture Suggested for University Lab
X. Workstation RDT - RDZ Unit Test
XI. Conclusions
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Introduction
 10 errors can be found for every 1000 lines of code (1 error per KLoC -
Kilo Line of Code).
 Test software allows errors to be identified before being delivered to the
customer.
 Software quality must consider not only the occurrence of error but also
the software serves the purpose perfectly expected by the client.
 An appropriate test is one that discovers the greatest possible number
of faults in the software.
 When this software is designed to run Mainframe, becomes an even
greater difficulty.
 Mainframe is complex and the characteristics of each facility are
different.
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 Universities see this difficulty as a major obstacle to the teaching of
…. COBOL …. PL/I ….. Easytrieve …… Assembler
 A single system mainframe can deliver thousands of virtual Linux
platforms with a small fraction the dollar cost, power and space.
 The preparation of students for the global IT industry becomes very
difficult.
 It is necessary professional has complete mastery of the scenario where
the tests will be carried out.
 Should apply innovative uses of technology in the classroom.
 Reduce learning time with a closer view of the possible day-to-day
industry produces software for Mainframe environments.
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Code Debugging Tool to Help Teach Mainframe Programming Languages 5
Software Test
 The need of Software Test is a notorious issue in all organizations that
develop IT solutions.
 In a research 50% of companies surveyed 25% or more of IT projects
are completed late, 57% of companies in each two IT initiatives, generated
only a positive business results.
 Companies that can accelerate the completion of projects and IT
services acquire a significant profit margin, while the others were not
capable of it are victims of ruthless competition.
 The activity of Software Testing performed in a controlled and
disciplined performance ensures superior to software product delivered,
due to the reduced number of errors when it enters the production phase.

 Developer should use software agents for prioritizing test cases in order
to maximize the number of faults found during the time available for testing
with a particular order of priority.
 Manual tests are time consuming and are prone to many errors.
 Tests based searches can help in automating this process by reducing
the time and effort to automatically generate test cases and complex data
for relevant tests.
Defects - Errors - Failures
 Defect - An instruction or incorrect command within a source code.
 Error - Is a concrete manifestation of the defect when this happens in a
software artifact.
 Value obtained vs Expected value

 Represents any intermediate state incorrect or unexpected result in the
execution of a program.
 Failure - Operational behavior of the software different than expected by
the user
(and it can be caused by several errors !)
 Some errors throughout the lifetime of a software solution, can never
cause failure.
 Errors generate faults, interpreted as unexpected behaviors in a
software that directly affect the end user of the application.
 Some factors such as incorrect understanding of user needs, the lack of
ability to deal with changing requirements and the discovery of serious
problems in the final stages of the project lead to failures in software
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 Faults can be considered as incorrect results regarding specification,
obtained by using the software.
The consequences of failure are faults inserted into software.
 Failures may also be the consequence of defects in deployed script
prepared for the tests.
 Students of computer programming courses at a university or even
training companies need to have the exact idea of the importance of
testing for the software industry.
 Need to understand how IT industry suffers if requirements are
generated.
 Understand that inaccuracy directly affects the results that are expected
of program testing to be performed.
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Test Features
 Software Testing is an activity that should be handled only at the end of
the development process.
 Delay in detecting errors makes the delayed repair and costly.
 So spending on financial correction could be used for other project
activities.
 Test becomes of great importance in the development, as it allows the
hits are performed before implementation.
Steps of Test
 A good test is not redundant, it should be very simple or very complex.
 Each case must be run separately, to avoid masking of errors.
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These steps are necessary :
a) Planning
b) Execution
c) Results Evaluation
Results computed vs Expected Results and reports generated notes
A good test strategy should:
 Contain the activities to be completed to the test;
 Establish criteria for evaluating the software;
 Know the types of test to be applied;
 Have adequate data to generate results conference;
 Start from the most basic level, progressing to reach the software as a
whole, including integrations with other software;
 Have flexibility to allow creativity and customization;
 Allow monitoring and compliance test plans outlined.
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Unit Test and Debug Tool
 Some people still wonder why to write Unit Test.
 A unit test should be able to examine the behavior of the code under the
most varied conditions.
 Analyze by the content of the parameters passed
..………what performs and what returns
……….. if a condition is true or not
 Is necessary guarantee if were performed types of tests made by the
developer.
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Need for Completion Test Unit and Coverage Code
Every year lots of tools to aid in development are launched.
In Phase Test Software is no different.
Debug Tool for z/OS
 Tool designed to debug individual tests
 z/OS is the Operating System Mainframe environment.
 Debug Tool for z/OS allows examine, monitor and control the execution
of Programs COBOL , PL/I and ASSEMBLER among others

An interactive tool for source-level debugging for applications compiled in
a variety of environments.
Supports batch and on-line processing stored procedures in the database
DB2, IMS, and UNIX System Services
Supports a seamless debugging of applications in languages mixed in the
same session
Offers a set of commands that can be interpreted used to specify actions
to be performed
Offers the option of setting breakpoints in an application program,
monitoring changes to variables and noting exceptions and conditions
specified during program execution
Counts how many times a statement or verb was processed in an
application program.
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Interface with Debug Tool using a terminal

Other features of the tool Debug Tool for z / OS are:
a. Level debugging code; f. Dynamic changes;
b. Multiple breakpoints; g. Modifications of variables;
c. Conditional; h. Entering commands;
d. Unconditional; i. Cover tested code.
e. Debugging step by step; j. Log of the commands used in
the debugging session;
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1. Compile the program
with support for the
debugger and create
a debug file
2. Set a trigger. For
example, code a
TEST option in the
JCL for batch, or use
CADP for CICS
3. Run the application.
Language
Environment will
receive the TEST
option and start the
debugger
Steps for using Debug Tool
Debug Tool
Program Source
Program
Load
Module
Compile LinkObject
z/OS
SYSDEBUG
File
LE
Enterprise COBOL TEST(…) compiler option
Add an LE TEST option to the
JCL that runs the program

Interface with an Application
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How Debug for z/OS evidence Coverage Code
The code coverage is evident in a practical manner.
Percentage of code coverage = Number of Lines Tested
---------------------------------- x 100
Total Lines of a Program
Indicates which line of code was executed and how many times it was
executed.
The code coverage is evident when it terminates execution of white box
testing.
The tool executes a command and it makes the calculation and displays.
This enables the programmer to validate the quality and made his test.
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Debug Tool and Code Coverage (Program Frequency Counting)
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Need Test of Code Source to Ensure Software Quality
An organization needs to create an Environment of Testing and
Certification
Needs meet ITIL recommendations and the requirements of Basel 2 .
Necessity exists for improvement of software quality and reducing
problems in production.
Intends to achieve this by improving the performance of existing
applications in production as well as prevent new applications are poorly
constructed.
Most of institutions create areas distributed in :
Process, Methodology, Infrastructure, Systems and Production.
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To meet objectives of these areas it is necessary to perform tests:
 Unit
 Functional
 Performance
Use of Testing Debugging Tool for Teaching in Mainframe Environment
Training courses in Brazilian universities of Information Technology do not
have computer labs in large scale - Mainframe machines.
Unable to train future professionals in this environment.
IT industry has a demand for professionals is not answered.
There is a deficiency that universities have and the low number of trained
professionals in their own organizations.
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Architecture Suggested for University Lab

To attend a training scenario in the industry is necessary:
 Implement an architecture that allows access the tool via publishers that
comes in TSO - Time Share Option and Roscoe.
 The solution that is presented execute online programs - transactional
batch .
 To train students running tests in an environment similar to the
industries, the tool can be performed via workstation RDT - RDZ Unit Test.
 It is a development platform for System z running in a personal
computer capable of execute operating system z/OS.
 Provides flexibility to run a customized environment because facilitates
developers to easily prototype releasing new applications using mainframe
MIPS - Millions of Instructions per Second
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 This workstation reduces the dependencies because it is an individual
unit.
 A university that can not afford to buy a Mainframe machine is able to
buy this unit test, whose server can support about 60 or more clients.
Workstation RDT - RDZ Unit Test

MVS Resources
• z/OS Datasets
• JES
• TSO
• CICS Region
• IMS Region
• SCM
• CLISTs/REXX
How RDT - Rational Developer for System z Unit Test functions?
RDz Listener
Started Task
Security/Authorization
RACF/ACF-2/Top Secret
RDz interacts with z/OS resources through a host-installed listener
… and interacts through JDBC drivers to data sources
RDz Client Software
Data Resources
• DB2 Data Objects
• IMS Databases
JDBC
Eclipse-based IDE that breaks the barriers of the green-screen platform
 Runs on Windows and Linux
 Integration point for z/OS Application Development tools

Interface with Debug Tool using a graphical user interface
 It is software that can be installed on Student workstation
 The application running on the mainframe is controlled by the
same debugging engine that is used by the 3270 interface
 Debug Tool displays on Student workstation
z/OS
Debug Tool
TCP/IP
ApplicationDebug Tool

Conclusion I
 Like all kinds of tests are complementary they are designed to make the
software into the hands of the customer with the fewest mistakes and less
time spent.
 The hard part is reaching the exact equation that is capable of delivering
quality products and meeting customer expectations.
 This tool can be appointed as a new application in software testing.
 Intends to deliver the final product with minimum possible error meeting
all the requirements generated by the end customer.
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Conclusion II
 This research presented a solution for debugging programs Mainframe
and use his suggestion in the activity of preparing students in learning
languages for Mainframe environment.
 Its use in an educational facility programming language becomes
essential as it allows the student to know the procedures of preparation
and execution of testing in this environment, step by step.
 This activity will prepare graduates to join the industry in development
teams large applications.
 The innovative use of this technology in the classroom will meet
industries’ requirements.
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Conclusion III
 Can be concluded from this research that the tool assists the university
in teaching programming languages for mainframe environment because it
reproduces the exact tests in the IT industry.
 When entering the labor market the newly graduated student will ease
in adapting to a development team or tests,.
 He/she will work with the tool he used in his graduation.
 Will work with the same profile presented by University.
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Acknowledgments
Authors of this paper would like to acknowledge:
1 – FAPDF – Fundo de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal – A Brazilian
fund of government to support researches. It’s located in Brasília city,
Distrito Federal State
2 – UNIP – Universidade Paulista – Brasília, Brazil

Thanks
claudiogbernardo@ig.com.br
pbatuta@hotmail.com

Qualidade de Software em zOS usando IBM Debug Tool e RDz

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