Unresolved Challenges for Achieving Zero Emissions

I recently participated in a decarbonisation seminar organized by a classification society, where various experts presented their research and insights on two key areas: solutions for retrofitting existing vessels and options for newbuilds. The proposed solutions were broadly categorized into two primary approaches:

1. Carbon emission reduction through energy efficiency measures or technical devices.
2. Achieving carbon neutrality or zero emissions through the use of alternative fuels or engineering solutions, such as carbon capture technologies.

It is evident that there is a practical limit to the reduction of carbon emissions using energy-saving technologies. These measures are unlikely to achieve significant reductions beyond a certain threshold for commercial vessels operating in international trade.

Throughout the discussions, the path to achieving zero emissions—particularly the industry’s 2050 target—remained unclear. The majority of panelists focused on alternative fuels, such as green hydrogen and biofuels, but they appeared reluctant to address critical questions regarding fuel storage, supply chain availability, and safety concerns. It became apparent that many speakers were not fully confident in the stability, compatibility, or long-term availability of alternative fuels across the entire value chain. Furthermore, no panelist presented comprehensive long-term engine testing data for these fuels.

Conversely, regulatory authorities were clear and proactive regarding the implementation of decarbonisation initiatives, with information and support readily available at various levels of the industry.

In conclusion, while progress is being made, the industry is still awaiting definitive, sustainable solutions from engine manufacturers to ensure the commercial viability of alternative fuels and emission reduction technologies.