Modern software design patterns

1. Microkernel Architecture (Plug-in Pattern)

• Concept: A core system provides minimal functionality, and additional features are added as plugins.
• Use Case: IDEs (like VS Code, IntelliJ) or Operating Systems where functionalities are loaded dynamically.

2. Strangler Pattern

• Concept: Gradually replacing an old system with a new one by redirecting functionality over time.
• Use Case: Legacy system migration without downtime.

3. Sidecar Pattern

• Concept: Auxiliary services (like logging, monitoring, or security) run as separate containers or processes alongside the main application.
• Use Case: Service mesh implementations (e.g., Istio with Envoy proxy).

4. Event Sourcing

• Concept: Instead of updating the database directly, all changes are stored as events in an event log.
• Use Case: Financial transactions, audit logging, distributed systems.

5. CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation)

• Concept: Separating read and write operations into different models.
• Use Case: High-performance applications where read operations scale independently of writes.

6. Saga Pattern

• Concept: Distributed transactions are handled by orchestrating a series of compensating transactions.
• Use Case: Microservices-based workflows, ensuring consistency without two-phase commits.

7. Circuit Breaker Pattern

• Concept: Prevents a system from making requests to a failing service, improving system resilience.
• Use Case: Network failures in microservices architectures (Netflix Hystrix, Resilience4j).

8. Bulkhead Pattern

• Concept: Isolates system components to prevent failures from spreading.
• Use Case: Ensuring failures in one microservice do not impact others.

9. Sharding Pattern

• Concept: Splits data across multiple databases or nodes for better performance and scalability.
• Use Case: Large-scale database applications like social media platforms.

10. Command Pattern for Serverless

• Concept: Encapsulates requests as objects, making them queueable and retryable.
• Use Case: Serverless computing (AWS Lambda, Azure Functions).

11. Orchestration vs. Choreography

• Orchestration: A central controller dictates the workflow (e.g., Camunda, Temporal).
• Choreography: Services react to events independently.
• Use Case: Choosing between tightly controlled workflows vs. event-driven architectures.

12. Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) Pattern

• Concept: Functions execute in a stateless environment and scale on demand.
• Use Case: Serverless architectures (AWS Lambda, Google Cloud Functions).

13. Repository Pattern with AI-driven Query Optimization

• Concept: Uses AI/ML to optimize database queries dynamically based on usage patterns.
• Use Case: Intelligent caching and indexing for large-scale applications.

14. API Gateway Pattern

• Concept: A single entry point manages authentication, routing, and caching for backend services.
• Use Case: Microservices and cloud-native applications.

15. Hexagonal Architecture (Ports & Adapters)

• Concept: Isolates business logic from external systems via adapters.
• Use Case: Long-lived applications requiring future adaptability.