LUKSO for Solidity Developers

Today we’re exploring what happens when an EVM chain rethinks its first principles. LUKSO maintains full bytecode compatibility while rebuilding core architecture from the account layer up — creating a playground for developers who want to build applications where users, not just assets, take center stage.

As Solidity / EVM developers, we now have a wide choice of blockchains on which to develop. Some EVM-compatible chains may resemble the EVM but fall short of full bytecode and RPC compatibility. Other chains may add extra features — one such chain is LUKSO.

LUKSO is an EVM-compatible Layer-1 blockchain focused on the creative economies. It distinguishes itself from other EVM chains with Universal Profiles (UPs) — smart contract-based accounts that provide enhanced security, gasless transactions, human-readable names, and flexible representation.

At the heart of LUKSO’s architecture lies the concept of Universal Profiles. Unlike Externally Owned Accounts (EOAs), which are common on Ethereum and many other EVM chains, UPs are entirely smart contract-based. This shift in account structure introduces a multitude of benefits and necessitates a different approach to user interaction and application design.

If that sounds similar to account abstraction — you’re right. Universal Profiles are a concrete implementation of many key ideas behind account abstraction, tailored specifically for the LUKSO blockchain.

LUKSO also introduces LUKSO Standard Proposals (LSPs) — similar to Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) — to define and enable unique functionalities.

Key LSPs include:

LSP0: Defines the core structure of a Universal Profile.

LSP1: The Universal Receiver standard — enables gasless transactions and reactions to incoming transfers.

LSP6: A granular permission system for fine-grained access control in UPs.

LSP7: A digital asset standard for both fungible and non-fungible tokens, with flexible metadata, enhanced security, batch transfers, and a unified transfer mechanism.

LSP8: A next-generation NFT standard with updatable metadata, ownership control, and seamless UP integration.

Developing for LUKSO involves interacting directly with smart contracts (UPs), requiring a shift from the traditional wallet-centric model. The benefits of human-readable addresses and gasless transactions contribute to an improved user experience.

Leveraging LUKSO’s Security Features

Developers should take full advantage of LUKSO’s unique architectural elements to improve application security:

LSP6’s permission system allows for enforcing least-privilege access by assigning only necessary permissions to entities interacting with Universal Profiles.

Recipient capability checks (via LSP1) in LSP7 and LSP8 should be used to prevent sending tokens to incompatible or non-compliant contracts.

Account recovery mechanisms should be carefully planned and implemented within Universal Profiles to enhance user safety without introducing vulnerabilities.

For gasless transactions, it’s critical to implement safeguards such as nonces, signature validation, and potentially trusted relayer whitelisting to mitigate risks.

Common Pitfalls for Solidity Developers on LUKSO

Developers transitioning from Ethereum or other EVM-compatible chains may encounter the following challenges:

Misunderstanding LSP standards: LSPs are not one-to-one replacements for ERCs. For instance, the force parameter in LSP7 and the dynamic metadata features of LSP8 require a nuanced understanding.

Underestimating LSP6’s complexity: Improper permission configuration may lead to unintended access or vulnerabilities.

Neglecting gasless transaction security: Relying solely on the built-in relay service without custom safeguards may expose applications to misuse.

Ignoring LSP1 reentrancy risks: Developers should be aware that contracts using the Universal Receiver logic can introduce reentrancy issues if not handled properly.

New LUKSO developers should invest time in thoroughly understanding the ecosystem. Engaging with LUKSO Improvement Proposals (LIPs) on platforms like GitHub can offer valuable insights and highlight common developer challenges.

About Extropy

At Extropy, we’ve been helping teams ship secure smart contracts since 2017 — from DeFi to ZK to experimental on-chain games.

If you’re working on LUKSO and want a second set of eyes on your architecture, or need a full audit tailored to its unique standards, we’re here to help. Reach out at security.extropy.io or drop us a line at info@extropy.io — let’s make your contracts bulletproof.