Java 17 and Basics of Low Latency for Beginners

Java 17 provides several features and enhancements for low latency coding. Here are some key points to consider

1. Garbage Collection (GC): The introduction of ZGC in Java 11 and G1GC enhancements in Java 17 have made GC pauses extremely low and consistent, which is a key factor for low latency applications. ZGC is designed specifically for low latency, scalability, and ease of use, allowing a Java application to continue running while it performs all GC operations except thread stack scanning.
2. Immutable Objects: Making objects immutable can help reduce the amount of synchronization required and can improve performance, especially in highly concurrent applications.
3. Concurrency Utilities: Java 5 introduced several concurrency utilities and locks that can help improve performance in multi-threaded applications. Examples include the Lock interface, CountDownLatch, and Semaphore classes.
4. Profiling: Using a profiler can help identify performance bottlenecks and optimize code for low latency. Tools like JProfiler, YourKit, and VisualVM can provide insights into CPU usage, memory usage, and thread behavior.
5. Amdahl's Law: Amdahl's Law can be used to identify the sequential execution path in a program and optimize it for performance. By improving the performance of the critical path, overall performance can be improved.
6. Warmup: JVM warmup can be used to improve the performance of Java applications by allowing the JIT compiler to optimize code before it is executed. This can reduce the time required for JIT compilation during runtime and improve overall performance.

Overall, Java 17 provides several features and techniques that can be used to optimize code for low latency applications. By taking advantage of these features, developers can ensure that their applications are performant and responsive even under heavy load.