Constructor in C++

Introduction: Constructors are fundamental to object-oriented programming in C++. They initialize objects, ensuring they are in a valid state when created. Understanding constructors is crucial for anyone venturing into C++ programming, as they play a pivotal role in defining how objects are created and initialized.

Default Constructor: The default constructor is invoked when an object is created without any arguments. It initializes the object with default values. For example, a default constructor for a class A might set its member variables a and b to 2 and 3, respectively.

Parameterized Constructor: Parameterized constructors accept arguments and initialize the object with specific values. They allow for greater flexibility in object initialization. For instance, a parameterized constructor for class A might take two integers x and y and set a and b accordingly.

Copy Constructor: The copy constructor creates a new object as a copy of an existing object. It is invoked when an object is passed by value or when an object is explicitly copied. The copy constructor for class A might look like this:

NOTE: If we do not define any constructor in the class the default constructor will called, when create an object of that class.

We can also create objects dynamically using the new keyword. They allocate memory for the object on the heap. For example: