What are the best ways to ensure your aircraft is within weight and balance limits?

1 Check the aircraft documents

Before you fly, you should always check the aircraft documents, such as the pilot's operating handbook (POH), the weight and balance manual, and the equipment list. These documents provide you with the basic information you need to calculate the weight and balance of your aircraft, such as the empty weight, the maximum takeoff weight, the center of gravity (CG) range, and the moment arms of the different stations. You should also verify that the documents are up to date and reflect any modifications or changes to the aircraft.

2 Use a reliable method

There are different methods to calculate the weight and balance of your aircraft, such as using a chart, a table, a graph, or a computer program. You should use a method that is reliable, accurate, and easy to understand. You should also double-check your calculations and avoid rounding errors or incorrect units. Some methods may require you to use a standard weight for the passengers and baggage, while others may allow you to use the actual weight. You should always use the most conservative method and follow the instructions carefully.

3 Consider the fuel and fluids

The fuel and fluids in your aircraft can have a significant impact on the weight and balance. You should always account for the fuel and fluids in your calculations, and adjust them according to the flight plan. You should also consider the effects of fuel burn and fuel transfer on the weight and balance during the flight. For example, if you burn fuel from one tank faster than the other, you may create a lateral imbalance that affects the handling of your aircraft. You should also monitor the fuel gauges and indicators regularly and follow the recommended procedures for fuel management.

4 Load the aircraft properly

The way you load your aircraft can also affect the weight and balance. You should always load your aircraft according to the loading diagram and the limitations in the POH. You should distribute the weight evenly and avoid placing heavy items near the front or rear of the aircraft. You should also secure the load properly and prevent it from shifting or moving during the flight. You should also check the CG of your aircraft after loading and ensure that it is within the allowable range.