What are the fundamentals of networking in operating systems?

Operating systems support different network architectures by providing interfaces, protocols, and services for network communication. Peer-to-peer network operating systems allow the sharing of resources and files with small-sized networks and having fewer resources. In general, peer-to-peer network operating systems are used on LAN while Client-server network operating systems provide users access to resources through the central server. This NOS is too expensive to implement and maintain. This operating system is good for the big networks which provide many services.

(NOS) is a specialized operating system for a network device such as a router, switch or firewall. Allowed (PCs) to participate in computer networks and shared file and printer access within a local area network (LAN). This operating systems is now largely historical, Network operating systems embedded in a router or hardware firewall that operates functions in the network layer (layer 3).Notable network operating systems include: Proprietary network operating systems, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, and Linux-based operating systems, multi-vendor interoperability, to route packets globally rather than being restricted to a single building, the Internet protocol. Computer operating systems firmware of network devices support Internet protocols

Networking is the way how Devices talk to each other which is directly related to operating systems. We first design a network architecture of how different devices will talk to each other, which devices will be isolated from others and which devices will be exposed to the internet. Client server architecture is also dependent on the networking. Network security is also needs to be considered in a network architecture. We use firewalls, VPN, VLANs for this purpose

In my experience, , network architecture shapes the environment in which operating systems operate, and a solid understanding of this architecture is essential for designing, implementing, and maintaining networked systems effectively.

Operating systems and network protocols work hand-in-hand to facilitate communication and resource management in computer systems. The operating system provides the necessary infrastructure for network communication by managing hardware resources, such as network adapters and memory allocation. Network protocols, in turn, define the rules and procedures for data exchange over a network, ensuring reliable transmission between devices. The operating system implements these protocols, handling tasks like packet routing, error detection, and congestion control, to enable efficient and secure communication between computers, ultimately enhancing overall system functionality and user experience.

OSI Model is the basic fundamental in understanding networking and its troubleshooting. Protocols, Secturity all comes after it