Annotated Heatmaps using Plotly in Python

Last Updated : 05 Sep, 2020

A Plotly is a Python library that is used to design graphs, especially interactive graphs. It can plot various graphs and charts like histogram, barplot, boxplot, spreadplot, and many more. It is mainly used in data analysis as well as financial analysis. plotly is an interactive visualization library.

Annotated Heatmaps

Annotated Heatmaps is the most important component of the heatmap as they shows additional information that associates with rows or columns in the heatmap. Annotation heatmaps will be represented as rows of grids through which multiple metrics can be compared to others.

Syntax: create_annotated_heatmap(z, x=None, y=None, annotation_text=None, colorscale=’Plasma’, font_colors=None, showscale=False, reversescale=False)

Parameters:

x: x axis labels.

y: y axis labels.

z: z matrix to create heatmap.

annotation_text: Text strings for annotations. Should have the same dimensions as the z matrix. If no text is added, the values of the z matrix are annotated. Default = z matrix values.

colorscale: heatmap colorscale.

Example:

Python3

import plotly.figure_factory as ff 
import numpy as np 
  
feature_x = np.arange(0, 10, 2) 
feature_y = np.arange(0, 10, 3) 
  
# Creating 2-D grid of features 
[X, Y] = np.meshgrid(feature_x, feature_y) 
  
Z = np.cos(X / 2) + np.sin(Y / 4) 
  
fig = ff.create_annotated_heatmap(Z) 
fig.show() 

Output:

Defining Colorscale

In plotly, colorscale or color chart is a flat physical object which have different types of colors. It can be set in this graph using the colorscale parameter.

Example 1:

Python3

import plotly.figure_factory as ff 
import numpy as np 
  
feature_x = np.arange(0, 10, 2) 
feature_y = np.arange(0, 10, 3) 
  
# Creating 2-D grid of features 
[X, Y] = np.meshgrid(feature_x, feature_y) 
  
Z = np.cos(X / 2) + np.sin(Y / 4) 
  
fig = ff.create_annotated_heatmap(Z, colorscale='rainbow') 
fig.show() 

Output:

Example 2: Adding Custom Colorscale

Python3

import plotly.figure_factory as ff 
import numpy as np 
  
feature_x = np.arange(0, 10, 2) 
feature_y = np.arange(0, 10, 3) 
  
# Creating 2-D grid of features 
[X, Y] = np.meshgrid(feature_x, feature_y) 
  
Z = np.cos(X / 2) + np.sin(Y / 4) 
  
custom = [[0, 'green'], [0.5, 'red']] 
  
fig = ff.create_annotated_heatmap(Z, colorscale=custom) 
fig.show() 

Output:

Filled area chart using plotly in Python

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Annotated Heatmaps using Plotly in Python