This is the public web page for the Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) Working Group of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The EXI group is part of W3C's XML Activity. Here we present literature and data that may be of interest to the public. There is also a private page for members of the EXI group, for internal information.

The objective of the Efficient XML Interchange Working Group is to develop a specification for an encoding format that allows efficient interchange of the XML Information Set, and to illustrate effective processor implementations of that encoding. This work is based on the conclusions of the XML Binary Characterization (XBC) Working Group.

The group's charter covers the period February 2011 to 30 June 2012.
(Previous charters covered January 2009 to January 2011 and December 2005 to December 2008.)

Publications

Selected publications in the order of most recent first:

• Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) Format 1.0, Recommendation, 10 March 2011. See the press release in English, French, German, Spanish and Swedish. There are Testimonials that you can browse through to witness the moment.
• EXI Primer, Second Public Working Draft, 08 December 2009.
• Efficient XML Interchange Evaluation, Second Public Working Draft, 7 April 2009.
• EXI Impacts, First Public Working Draft, 3 September 2008.
• EXI Best Practices , First Public Working Draft, 19 December 2007.
• The Working Draft of the Efficient XML Interchange Measurements Note. This document describes measurements that had been made, by the Working Group, of the compactness and processing characteristics of various potential XML encoding formats (25 July 2007). The raw results of candidates testing is available. The WG maintains a wiki page documenting inaccuracies that have been found with regards to the measurements note document.
• Measurement Test Framework. See below (18 May 2007)
• Interoperability Test Framework. See below (1 March 2011)

The Charter of the Efficient XML Interchange Working Group defines the deliverables expected of the group.

Interoperability Testing

As part of the W3C Process to reach the Proposed Recommendation status, the Working Group has conducted interoperability tests during the Candidate Recommendation phase. The Test Suite has been released publicly (see below). The results of the interoperability tests performed on 3 implementations are available in the implementation report.

Present Status

(In reverse chronological order, as of March 2011).

In March 2011, "Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) Format 1.0" specification became a Recommendation.

In January 2011, "Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) Format 1.0" specification was published as a Proposed Recommendation.

In December 2009, the Candidate Recommendation of the EXI format specification was published in tandem with the second working draft of the EXI Primer note.

In April 2009, the second draft note on the Evaluation of the EXI Format with reference to the Properties identified by the XBC Working Group, relative to XML, gzipped XML and ASN.1 PER, was published.

In September 2008, a draft note on EXI Impacts describing the impacts of EXI that may potentially cause to affect existing XML technologies, XML processors, and applications was published.

In December 2007, a draft note on the EXI Best Practices describing the guidelines for the interoperable deployment of EXI was published.

Status history that predates the above events are described here.

Background

The Efficient XML Interchange Working Group was chartered to define an alternative encoding of the XML Information Set, that addressed the requirements identified by the XML Binary Characterization (XBC) Working Group, while maintaining the existing interoperability between XML applications and XML specifications.

The XML Binary Characterization (XBC) Working Group conducted work between March 2004 to March 2005, to gather information about uses cases where the overhead of generating, parsing, transmitting, storing, or accessing XML-based data, might be deemed too great within the context of those use cases. XBC also characterized the properties that XML provides as well as those that are required by the use cases, and established measurements to help judge whether XML 1.x and alternate encodings provided the required properties. In that group's Characterization document, the XBC Working Group recommended future work.

The task of this Working Group is to jointly establish and optimize, the performance of an alternate, non-textual, encoding of XML. At the same time, disruption to existing processors, and impact on the complex real-world uses of XML, must be minimized. The Working Group started by considering existing solutions and has evaluated each in terms of implementability and performance against the requirements produced by the XBC Working Group. We gathered together a test data set of more than 10000 documents in 30 or so XML vocabularies, from a broad range of use case groups, such as Scientific, Financial, Electronic (those intended for human consumption), Storage (intended as data stores), etc. The existing solutions, and candidate base technologies for a potential EXI format, were then measured over a number of merit criteria, within a benchmark framework based on japex. The measurements are presented in the Efficient XML Interchange Measurements Note

Measurement Test Framework

The EXI framework is available for download. This measurement test framework was created for the purpose of obtaining empirical data about format properties. In this release, the framework can be used to measure Processing Efficiency and Compactness over a wide variety of XML documents collected by the WG. The framework includes support for in-memory and network testing, the latter is particularly useful to measure the performance of a format relative to the available bandwidth. See the Release Notes for further information.

Interoperability Test Framework

The EXI interoperability framework is available for download. This interoperability test framework was created for the purpose of conducting interoperability assessment as a means to evaluate the clarity of the EXI Format specification. It uses XML test files designed to cover features in the EXI specification to compare the behavior of EXI implementations. The EXI interoperability test framework is not intended as a means to validate conformance. However, it may facilitate EXI implementation development efforts. See the README for more information.

Participation and Discussion

The Efficient XML Interchange Working Group operates according to this charter. You can get involved by joining the W3C. The list of the Working Group's participants is available on the WG status page.

The public mailing list for technical discussion with the Working Group is public-exi@w3.org (Archives).

The public mailing list for sending feedbacks on the EXI format specification is public-exi-comments@w3.org (Archives).

Timeline

We delivered Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) Format 1.0 Recommendation in March 2011. The definition of further work is soon to be described.

Patent Disclosures

W3C maintains a public list of any patent disclosures made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent.

EXI Implementations

Here is a list of publicly available implementations of the EXI 1.0 specifiction, in alphabetical order.

• Efficient XML (AgileDelta, Inc.)
• EXIficient (Open source project initiated by Siemens AG)
• OpenEXI ‒ Open source project led by Fujitsu

If you have an implementation and wish to have it listed, contact the WG chairs or staff (info at the end of the page) with required information specified in the preliminary Call for Implementations.

Enumerated below are summary information pertinent to each implementation listed above, in chronological order determined by when the information was first provided.

• EXIficient

• Efficient XML

• OpenEXI

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