Promoting the Use of Renewable Energy Worldwide
Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs
Washington, DC
May 8, 2009
Ambassador Reno L. Harnish
Slide 2: U.S. Role in Global Renewable Energy
· Several U.S. Government agencies work to support investment and implementation of RE projects overseas:
§ State Department, U.S. Agency for International Development
§ U.S. Trade and Development Agency
§ Export-Import Bank, Overseas Private Investment Corporation
§ Department of Energy
· Emphasis on Public-Private cooperation
· OPIC: Six Renewable-Energy Investment Funds established $505 million committed, to mobilize $1.6 billion worldwide; Part of WIREC 2008 pledge
· Additional programs for Finance and Political Risk Insurance
Slide 3: The Washington International Renewable Energy Conference
WIREC 2008: The Power of Independence
Slide 4: Pledges
“I think we ought to be results oriented people, not process people. It's one thing to have a nice conference, but out of those conferences we should expect results.”
– President Bush
· More than 140 pledges received and published as part of the Washington International Action Program
· 31 Pledges from U.S. Government
Slide 5: Success, by the Numbers
· 3100 attendees:
1900 domestic
1200 international
· 113 countries
· 103 ministers
V. Subramanian, India’s Secretary, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, announces that India will host the next International Renewable Energy Conference in 2010.
Slide 6: The Asia Pacific Partnership
Slide 7: APP: Driven By Results
Engages the governments and private sectors of Australia, Canada, China, India, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and the United States to:
· Promote investment in clean technologies, goods, and services
· Accelerate the sharing of energy-efficient best practices and identify policy barriers to the diffusion of clean energy technology
· Advance clean development and climate objectives, recognizing that development and poverty eradication are urgent and overriding international goals.
Slide 8: From Implementation to Action
· Partners have convened regularly both to implement action plan projects and to monitor progress on a multi-sector program designed to promote the development and deployment of clean energy technologies among member nations.
· To date, the APP has endorsed a total of 156 projects that are already achieving concrete results
Slide 9: Examples of Success…
Assessments Support Dramatic Efficiency Improvements in Indian Power Plants
APP Power Generation and Transmission Task Force-provided technical support, including assessment, training, and diagnostic equipment, to two large Indian power plants, Kolaghat in West Bengal and Ropar in Punjab, will result in 4 percent boiler efficiency improvement at both 210 MW plants and ultimately achieve 10-15 percent reduction in total CO2 emissions if implemented in full.
Slide 10: Examples of Success…
U.S. APP Participant Converts Coke Oven Gas to Clean Heat and Power in China
U.S. APP participant Solar Turbines, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc., has placed 15MWe of clean energy technology for the coking industry in China. By using Solar Industrial gas turbines, one customer, Shandong Jinneng Coal Gasification Company, is reducing their CO2 emissions by 40,000 tons per year.
Slide 11: U.S. Funding
· $65 million to the implementation of the Partnership, part of overall announced APP commitments of approximately $200 million from various Partner countries.
· U.S. APP funding is essentially sed capital that has already resulted in committed cost-share funds of $44 million for selected projects, and is expected to leverage more than $480 million in additional downstream funding through ancillary funding and financing from concessional and commercial banks.
Slide 12: U.S. Brazil Biofuel Collaboration
· In November 2008 - U.S. and Brazil announced expansion of cooperation on biofuels to advance security and promote sustainable development.
· The U.S. and Brazil unveiled plans to expand scientific collaboration in biofuels and to work with five new countries interested in developing their domestic biofuels industries: Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Guinea-Bissau, and Senegal.
· These new partners, along with the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Haiti, and St. Kitts and Nevis, comprise a total of nine partner nations to benefit from U.S.-Brazil biofuels collaboration.
· The U.S., Brazil, and MOU partners have obligated over $4.3 million across twelve projects that are underway.
· All partners are working to develop local biofuels industries to reduce dependence on imported fuels and promote sustainable development.
Slide 13: Fifth Summit of the Americas
At the recent Fifth Summit of the Americas the President announced plans for a regional initiative in the Western Hemisphere:
"Through this partnership, we will harness the progress being made by nations across the hemisphere--from Brazil’s work on biofuels, to Chile’s investments in solar power, to Mexico’s efforts to curb greenhouse gas emissions, to El Salvador's work on geothermal energy…
"Each country will bring its own unique resources and needs, so we will ensure that each country can maximize its strengths as we promote efficiency and improve our infrastructure, share technologies, support investments in renewable sources of energy. And in doing so, we can create the jobs of the future, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and make this hemisphere a model for cooperation."
Slide 14: OPIC Projects in India
Solar Energy: 2 MW, Grid-connected photovoltaic project
$6.2 million in financing for construction and operation.
Hydropower: 12 MW
$10 million in financing and $6 million in political risk insurance to a U.S. small business for the rehabilitation, construction and operation of a hydropower station.
Green Jobs and Manufacturing: Compact-fluorescent lights
$10 million credit facility for light bulb plant construction and operation
Green Buildings: LEED Platinum commercial office building
$130 million financing for construction and operation in Delhi; A Flagship Project under the Asia-Pacific Partnership by OPIC + State Dept. + DOE.
Wind Energy:
$450,000 provided in political risk insurance (+ $750,000 forthcoming) to a U.S. small business for installation and operation of turbines in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra.
Waste-to-Energy: Series of 20 rice-husk plants
$1 million in financing for plants in rural villages.
Slide 15: Entrepreneurship in Emerging Markets
· Solar Energy Uganda
o Entrepreneurial vision – Mr. John Ssemanda
o Innovation: Solar Homeowners Associations
§ Village cooperatives – direct responsibility
§ Use of microfinancing and local maintenance
§ Funding support from E & Co. (private) and USADF (public)
· Now active in 8 sub-Saharan countries
§ Target of 300,000 homes by 2015
· Challenges:
§ Solar panels & electric units must be imported
§ Costs of these manufactured goods
Slide 16: New Initiative: “SAPFA”
Solar Assembly Plant for Africa
· A local assembly plant = employment
· Reduced costs – more affordable
· More direct local supply chain
· Greater flexibility in configuration of systems
Need for continued public & private support
Slide 17: Local Impact – Solar PV in Africa
· Home
· School
· Hospital
· Water development, purification, pumping & distribution
Slide 18: NREL International Program Advances Global Sustainable Energy Use
Market Development
· China, India and South Asia, and Brazil
Technology Collaboration
· Primarily with EU countries
Global and Regional Assessments
· Energy and Environmental Analysis
Proliferation Prevention
· Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Armenia
Slide 19: Market Development
NREL International Team:
China
· Biofuels
· RE Law Implementation
· Wind Development
· Rural Electrification
India
· Solar Analysis
· Biofuels
Brazil
· Biofuels
Resource Assessment & Decision Tools
· AID – South Asia
· UNEP – SWERA/Global
· HOMER, Geo-Spatial Tool Kit, and Other Tools
Policy and Climate Programs
· Asia Pacific Partnership
· Climate & Air Quality Analysis
· RE Policy Analysis and Planning
Slide 20: International Technology Collaboration
· Joint research and development projects
· Codes and Standards
· Technology education and outreach
· Technical exchanges
· Supported primarily by DOE programs
· Growing interest in technology collaboration around the world
IEA Agreements
· Biomass
· Buildings
· Hydrogen
· Solar
· Wind
IPHE
· Solar Thermo-Chemical H2 Production
· European H2 Roadmap
· Fuel Cell Testing & Safety
IPHE Demonstration Task Force
· EU Partnerships
· Denmark
· Spain
· Sweden
· Other Countries
Slide 21: Geothermal Energy Development in East Africa
Slide 22: Number of People Possibly Served by Geothermal Energy from the Existing Grid
61 million people are within 20km of power lines which are within 200km of the center of the East African Rift
Slide 23: Kenya’s Use of Geothermal Energy
· 45 MW Olkaria I Plant Operating in Hells Gate National Park Since Early ’80’s at > 98% Availability
· 12 MW Added by Private Sector (ORMAT International) in 2000
· 70 MW added in late 2003
· Plans for Add’l 450 MW by 2019
· Potential Exists for 2000 – 3000 MW
· Exploration Ongoing at Lake Magadi, Longenot, Menengai and Suswa Sites
· Government Encouraging Public Vs Private Competition
Slide 24: E. Africa Regional Geothermal Program Scope and Components
Duration: 10 Years
Magnitude: Approx. $250 million
Goal: Significant progress towards 1000 MW by 2020
Components:
· Network for technical, expert, company information, equipment sharing
· Geo risk-sharing exploration guarantee fund
· Plant construction scheme
· Independent transaction advisory support
Slide 25: E. Africa Regional Geothermal Program Financiers - Design Phase
· Global Environment Facility ($700K)
· German Development Bank ($600K)
· Government of Italy ($200K)
· US TDA (Board approved, amount pending)
· DOE, State, USAID, DoC support being discussed
Slide 26: GVEP International (Global Village Energy Partnership)
Financing Approaches and Opportunities
Work partners to support Small and Medium Enterprises in developing countries to increase access to energy for rural and peri urban communities. Through:
· Knowledge exchange & awareness raising
· Access to finance
· Technical assistance
· Business development assistance
· Monitoring and Evaluation services
Slide 27: Project Examples – Developing Energy Enterprise Project (DEEP)
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE:
Enable development of a sustainable and widespread industry of micro and small energy enterprises providing energy services and employment in rural and peri urban areas of Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania.
TARGET (5 years):
1800 micro and small enterprises start up and diversification into energy service provision
300 business mentors trained and employed
12,000 rural and peri urban community members provided services
PROJECT PARTNERS:
East Africa Technology Development Network, Practical Action (Kenya), IT Power East Africa, Emerging Markets Economics Africa Ltd., Gender and Energy Research Training, and Coastal Rural Support Project (Aga Khan Foundation) Kenya
Slide 28: Innovative International Technology Partnerships
Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum: 22 members; focused on CO2 capture & storage.
International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy: 17 members; organizes, coordinates, and leverages hydrogen RD&D programs.
Generation IV International Forum: 10 members; devoted to R&D on next generation of nuclear systems.
ITER: 7 members; project to develop fusion as a commercial energy source.
Methane to Markets: 20 members; recovery and use of methane from landfills, mines, oil & gas systems, and agriculture.
Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development & Climate: 7 members; focuses on accelerating deployment of technologies to address energy security, air pollution, and climate change.
Global Nuclear Energy Partnership: 19 members; seeks consensus on enabling expanded use of nuclear energy using a nuclear fuel cycle that enhances energy security, while promoting non-proliferation.
Slide 2: U.S. Role in Global Renewable Energy
· Several U.S. Government agencies work to support investment and implementation of RE projects overseas:
§ State Department, U.S. Agency for International Development
§ U.S. Trade and Development Agency
§ Export-Import Bank, Overseas Private Investment Corporation
§ Department of Energy
· Emphasis on Public-Private cooperation
· OPIC: Six Renewable-Energy Investment Funds established $505 million committed, to mobilize $1.6 billion worldwide; Part of WIREC 2008 pledge
· Additional programs for Finance and Political Risk Insurance
Slide 3: The Washington International Renewable Energy Conference
WIREC 2008: The Power of Independence
Slide 4: Pledges
“I think we ought to be results oriented people, not process people. It's one thing to have a nice conference, but out of those conferences we should expect results.”
– President Bush
· More than 140 pledges received and published as part of the Washington International Action Program
· 31 Pledges from U.S. Government
Slide 5: Success, by the Numbers
· 3100 attendees:
1900 domestic
1200 international
· 113 countries
· 103 ministers
V. Subramanian, India’s Secretary, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, announces that India will host the next International Renewable Energy Conference in 2010.
Slide 6: The Asia Pacific Partnership
Slide 7: APP: Driven By Results
Engages the governments and private sectors of Australia, Canada, China, India, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and the United States to:
· Promote investment in clean technologies, goods, and services
· Accelerate the sharing of energy-efficient best practices and identify policy barriers to the diffusion of clean energy technology
· Advance clean development and climate objectives, recognizing that development and poverty eradication are urgent and overriding international goals.
Slide 8: From Implementation to Action
· Partners have convened regularly both to implement action plan projects and to monitor progress on a multi-sector program designed to promote the development and deployment of clean energy technologies among member nations.
· To date, the APP has endorsed a total of 156 projects that are already achieving concrete results
Slide 9: Examples of Success…
Assessments Support Dramatic Efficiency Improvements in Indian Power Plants
APP Power Generation and Transmission Task Force-provided technical support, including assessment, training, and diagnostic equipment, to two large Indian power plants, Kolaghat in West Bengal and Ropar in Punjab, will result in 4 percent boiler efficiency improvement at both 210 MW plants and ultimately achieve 10-15 percent reduction in total CO2 emissions if implemented in full.
Slide 10: Examples of Success…
U.S. APP Participant Converts Coke Oven Gas to Clean Heat and Power in China
U.S. APP participant Solar Turbines, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc., has placed 15MWe of clean energy technology for the coking industry in China. By using Solar Industrial gas turbines, one customer, Shandong Jinneng Coal Gasification Company, is reducing their CO2 emissions by 40,000 tons per year.
Slide 11: U.S. Funding
· $65 million to the implementation of the Partnership, part of overall announced APP commitments of approximately $200 million from various Partner countries.
· U.S. APP funding is essentially sed capital that has already resulted in committed cost-share funds of $44 million for selected projects, and is expected to leverage more than $480 million in additional downstream funding through ancillary funding and financing from concessional and commercial banks.
Slide 12: U.S. Brazil Biofuel Collaboration
· In November 2008 - U.S. and Brazil announced expansion of cooperation on biofuels to advance security and promote sustainable development.
· The U.S. and Brazil unveiled plans to expand scientific collaboration in biofuels and to work with five new countries interested in developing their domestic biofuels industries: Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Guinea-Bissau, and Senegal.
· These new partners, along with the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Haiti, and St. Kitts and Nevis, comprise a total of nine partner nations to benefit from U.S.-Brazil biofuels collaboration.
· The U.S., Brazil, and MOU partners have obligated over $4.3 million across twelve projects that are underway.
· All partners are working to develop local biofuels industries to reduce dependence on imported fuels and promote sustainable development.
Slide 13: Fifth Summit of the Americas
At the recent Fifth Summit of the Americas the President announced plans for a regional initiative in the Western Hemisphere:
"Through this partnership, we will harness the progress being made by nations across the hemisphere--from Brazil’s work on biofuels, to Chile’s investments in solar power, to Mexico’s efforts to curb greenhouse gas emissions, to El Salvador's work on geothermal energy…
"Each country will bring its own unique resources and needs, so we will ensure that each country can maximize its strengths as we promote efficiency and improve our infrastructure, share technologies, support investments in renewable sources of energy. And in doing so, we can create the jobs of the future, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and make this hemisphere a model for cooperation."
Slide 14: OPIC Projects in India
Solar Energy: 2 MW, Grid-connected photovoltaic project
$6.2 million in financing for construction and operation.
Hydropower: 12 MW
$10 million in financing and $6 million in political risk insurance to a U.S. small business for the rehabilitation, construction and operation of a hydropower station.
Green Jobs and Manufacturing: Compact-fluorescent lights
$10 million credit facility for light bulb plant construction and operation
Green Buildings: LEED Platinum commercial office building
$130 million financing for construction and operation in Delhi; A Flagship Project under the Asia-Pacific Partnership by OPIC + State Dept. + DOE.
Wind Energy:
$450,000 provided in political risk insurance (+ $750,000 forthcoming) to a U.S. small business for installation and operation of turbines in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra.
Waste-to-Energy: Series of 20 rice-husk plants
$1 million in financing for plants in rural villages.
Slide 15: Entrepreneurship in Emerging Markets
· Solar Energy Uganda
o Entrepreneurial vision – Mr. John Ssemanda
o Innovation: Solar Homeowners Associations
§ Village cooperatives – direct responsibility
§ Use of microfinancing and local maintenance
§ Funding support from E & Co. (private) and USADF (public)
· Now active in 8 sub-Saharan countries
§ Target of 300,000 homes by 2015
· Challenges:
§ Solar panels & electric units must be imported
§ Costs of these manufactured goods
Slide 16: New Initiative: “SAPFA”
Solar Assembly Plant for Africa
· A local assembly plant = employment
· Reduced costs – more affordable
· More direct local supply chain
· Greater flexibility in configuration of systems
Need for continued public & private support
Slide 17: Local Impact – Solar PV in Africa
· Home
· School
· Hospital
· Water development, purification, pumping & distribution
Slide 18: NREL International Program Advances Global Sustainable Energy Use
Market Development
· China, India and South Asia, and Brazil
Technology Collaboration
· Primarily with EU countries
Global and Regional Assessments
· Energy and Environmental Analysis
Proliferation Prevention
· Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Armenia
Slide 19: Market Development
NREL International Team:
China
· Biofuels
· RE Law Implementation
· Wind Development
· Rural Electrification
India
· Solar Analysis
· Biofuels
Brazil
· Biofuels
Resource Assessment & Decision Tools
· AID – South Asia
· UNEP – SWERA/Global
· HOMER, Geo-Spatial Tool Kit, and Other Tools
Policy and Climate Programs
· Asia Pacific Partnership
· Climate & Air Quality Analysis
· RE Policy Analysis and Planning
Slide 20: International Technology Collaboration
· Joint research and development projects
· Codes and Standards
· Technology education and outreach
· Technical exchanges
· Supported primarily by DOE programs
· Growing interest in technology collaboration around the world
IEA Agreements
· Biomass
· Buildings
· Hydrogen
· Solar
· Wind
IPHE
· Solar Thermo-Chemical H2 Production
· European H2 Roadmap
· Fuel Cell Testing & Safety
IPHE Demonstration Task Force
· EU Partnerships
· Denmark
· Spain
· Sweden
· Other Countries
Slide 21: Geothermal Energy Development in East Africa
Slide 22: Number of People Possibly Served by Geothermal Energy from the Existing Grid
61 million people are within 20km of power lines which are within 200km of the center of the East African Rift
Slide 23: Kenya’s Use of Geothermal Energy
· 45 MW Olkaria I Plant Operating in Hells Gate National Park Since Early ’80’s at > 98% Availability
· 12 MW Added by Private Sector (ORMAT International) in 2000
· 70 MW added in late 2003
· Plans for Add’l 450 MW by 2019
· Potential Exists for 2000 – 3000 MW
· Exploration Ongoing at Lake Magadi, Longenot, Menengai and Suswa Sites
· Government Encouraging Public Vs Private Competition
Slide 24: E. Africa Regional Geothermal Program Scope and Components
Duration: 10 Years
Magnitude: Approx. $250 million
Goal: Significant progress towards 1000 MW by 2020
Components:
· Network for technical, expert, company information, equipment sharing
· Geo risk-sharing exploration guarantee fund
· Plant construction scheme
· Independent transaction advisory support
Slide 25: E. Africa Regional Geothermal Program Financiers - Design Phase
· Global Environment Facility ($700K)
· German Development Bank ($600K)
· Government of Italy ($200K)
· US TDA (Board approved, amount pending)
· DOE, State, USAID, DoC support being discussed
Slide 26: GVEP International (Global Village Energy Partnership)
Financing Approaches and Opportunities
Work partners to support Small and Medium Enterprises in developing countries to increase access to energy for rural and peri urban communities. Through:
· Knowledge exchange & awareness raising
· Access to finance
· Technical assistance
· Business development assistance
· Monitoring and Evaluation services
Slide 27: Project Examples – Developing Energy Enterprise Project (DEEP)
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE:
Enable development of a sustainable and widespread industry of micro and small energy enterprises providing energy services and employment in rural and peri urban areas of Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania.
TARGET (5 years):
1800 micro and small enterprises start up and diversification into energy service provision
300 business mentors trained and employed
12,000 rural and peri urban community members provided services
PROJECT PARTNERS:
East Africa Technology Development Network, Practical Action (Kenya), IT Power East Africa, Emerging Markets Economics Africa Ltd., Gender and Energy Research Training, and Coastal Rural Support Project (Aga Khan Foundation) Kenya
Slide 28: Innovative International Technology Partnerships
Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum: 22 members; focused on CO2 capture & storage.
International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy: 17 members; organizes, coordinates, and leverages hydrogen RD&D programs.
Generation IV International Forum: 10 members; devoted to R&D on next generation of nuclear systems.
ITER: 7 members; project to develop fusion as a commercial energy source.
Methane to Markets: 20 members; recovery and use of methane from landfills, mines, oil & gas systems, and agriculture.
Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development & Climate: 7 members; focuses on accelerating deployment of technologies to address energy security, air pollution, and climate change.
Global Nuclear Energy Partnership: 19 members; seeks consensus on enabling expanded use of nuclear energy using a nuclear fuel cycle that enhances energy security, while promoting non-proliferation.
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